States of matter quiz review

The ______________________ theory says that all particles of matter are in constant motion.

Answer explanation

The correct answer is kinetic. The kinetic theory explains that all particles of matter are in constant motion. This movement is what we interpret as temperature; the faster the particles move, the higher the temperature. Therefore, kinetic theory directly links to how we understand temperature and heat.

Collisions between gas particles are _____________________, meaning that no kinetic energy is lost during the transfer.

Answer explanation

The term 'elastic' in physics refers to processes where total kinetic energy is conserved. In the question, we're asked about the nature of collisions between gas particles. The answer is 'elastic' because, during these collisions, no kinetic energy is lost and is instead transferred from one particle to another. That's why we say these collisions are elastic.

The change of state from liquid to gas, below the substances boiling point is known as ____________________________.

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 'evaporation'. The question asks about the process where a substance changes from a liquid state to a gas state below its boiling point. This is known as evaporation. The process of evaporation can happen at temperatures below the boiling point since individual molecules can gain enough energy to change state.

150°C is equal to ___________________ K.

Answer explanation

The question is asking to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin. The formula to convert Celsius to Kelvin is K = C + 273.15. So, if we put 150 in the place of Celsius in this formula, we get 150 + 273.15 = 423.15. As per the options provided, 423 is the nearest and correct answer.

_______________________ is a change in state from solid directly to gas.

Answer explanation

In the given question, the process where a substance changes from a solid state directly to a gas without passing through a liquid state is asked. The correct choice is 'sublimation'. This is because sublimation is the scientific term for this process, describing the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas state.

The ______________________________ of a substance is a graph that show the state the substance is in given the temperature and pressure.

Answer explanation

The phase diagram of a substance shows the temperature and pressure at which a substance changes from one state of matter to another. This includes the transition from a liquid to a solid state. So, the phase diagram of a substance represents the temperature at which the substance changes from a liquid to a solid state.

The _________________________ of a substance is the one temperature/pressure combination in which all 3 states of the substance are in equilibrium with each other.

Answer explanation

The 'triple point' of a substance is indeed the temperature/pressure combination at which all three states of the substance – solid, liquid, and gas – are in equilibrium with each other. It's a specific point on a phase diagram that represents the unique set of conditions where all three phases coexist.

Convert 135 kPa to atm.

Answer explanation

The question is asking to convert 135 kilopascals to atmospheres. The conversion factor from kilopascals to atmospheres is approximately 0.00987. Therefore, by multiplying 135 by 0.00987 we get approximately 1.33. Hence, the correct answer is 1.33.

How many mm Hg is 0.751 atm?

Answer explanation

The conversion factor from atmospheres to millimeters of mercury is approximately 760. Therefore, to calculate mm Hg from atm, we multiply the given value by this factor. So, 0.751 atm is approximately equal to 571 mm Hg, which is the correct option provided.

How many kilopascals are equal to 1200 mmHg?

Answer explanation

The question is asking for the equivalent value of 1200 mmHg in kilopascals. The conversion factor from mmHg to kilopascals is approximately 0.133322, so if we multiply 1200 by this value, we get approximately 160 kPa. Hence, the correct option is 160.