EALS-Q1-Summative Test 2

During a field trip, Zoe, Noah, and Avery noticed a river carrying small particles of soil, rocks, and other materials downstream. They observed these materials accumulating at the mouth of the river where it met the sea. What is this process called?

• weathering

• erosion

• deposition

• landslide

Liam, Aiden, and Anika are studying geology and they are curious to know why the Earth’s interior is hot. Can you explain?

• Because of the magma inside the Earth’s mantle.

• Because of the metamorphism happening beneath the earth's surface

• Because of the global warming happening on the Earth’s atmosphere.

• Because of the leftover heat from its formation and disintegration of radioactive element.

Benjamin, Noah, and Michael are studying geology and they come across a real-life scenario of a subduction zone. How is magma formed in this subduction zone?

• Increased pressure at the subduction zone leads to melting of the plates, forming magma.

• Increased frictional heating as one plate slides over the other at the subduction zone creates magma.

• Increased temperature at the subduction zone leads to melting of the plate, forming magma.

• Increased release of water from the subducting plate at the subduction zone lowers the melting point of the overlying mantle, forming magma.

Liam, Benjamin, and David went on a field trip to a geological park. They saw different types of rocks and their teacher asked them to differentiate between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks. How can they do this?

• They can say that intrusive rocks reach the Earth’s surface while extrusive rocks do not.

• They can say that extrusive rocks reach the Earth’s surface while intrusive rocks do not.

• They can say that intrusive rocks cool faster compared to extrusive rocks.

• They can say that extrusive rocks cool at the same rate with intrusive rocks.

During a school field trip to a volcano, Olivia, Grace, and Nora observed solidified lava at or near the Earth’s surface. They learned that this is called basalt. How would they classify basalt?

• Intrusive Igneous Rock

• Extrusive Igneous Rock

• Sedimentary Rock

• Metamorphic Rock

Jackson, Charlotte, and Evelyn are studying geology and they come across a rock that they identify as shale. They start discussing the metamorphic changes this shale would undergo with increasing metamorphic grade. Which of the following sequences correctly describes their conclusion?

• schist -gneiss – slate

• gneiss- slate -schist

• slate -schist -gneiss

• gneiss -schist- slate

Noah, Zoe, and Kai are studying geology and they come across a volcano. They learn that there is a process that occurs if there is formation and movement of magma under the volcano's crust. What is this process called?

• decompression melting

• flux melting

• heat transfer

• partial melting

Ethan, Emma, and Anika are on a field trip to a volcano. Their guide explains that a certain process is happening beneath their feet. In which part of the earth does this process, known as magmatism, occur?

• Asthenosphere

• Earth’s crust

• Earth’s core

• Lithosphere

Isla, Abigail, and Elijah are working on a science project about volcanoes. They are researching the composition of magma. According to their research, what are the two most abundant elements in magma?

• oxygen and iron

• oxygen and magnesium

• silicon and aluminum

• silicon and oxygen

Grace, Kai, and Aria are on a field trip to a geological site. They observe that as they go deeper into the earth, there are changes in the rocks. What could be the effect of heat and pressure on these rocks as there is an increase in depth?

• the foliation surfaces of the rocks start to shine

• the rocks undergo low-grade metamorphism

• the grain size of the rocks becomes coarse

• there is an increase in mineral alignment in the rocks