Lesson 2 speed and energy

Zoe and Benjamin went to a bowling alley. They noticed that when they rolled the bowling ball faster, it knocked over more pins. What evidence does this provide about the energy of a bowling ball when it is moving faster versus when it is moving slower?

• The bowling ball can knock over more pins when it is moving faster than when it is moving slower.

• The bowling ball has a larger mass when it is moving faster than when it is moving slower.

• The bowling ball will reach the pins in less time when it is moving faster than when it is moving slower.

Kai was playing with a toy spring. He noticed that when he stretches the spring, it increases its

• potential energy

• kinetic energy

Sophia and Rohan are participating in a bicycle race. As Sophia increases her speed on her bike, her

• energy of motion increases

• energy of motion decreases

• stored energy increases

• energy is used up

Evelyn and James are conducting an experiment. They want to increase the speed of a ball they are dropping. How can they achieve this?

• They can roll it down a hill instead to increase the amount of friction.

• They can drop a larger ball to increase the amount of friction.

• They can decrease the height from which it is dropped to give it more potential energy.

• They can increase the height from which it is dropped to give it more potential energy.

Mason, Zoe, and Grace went to an amusement park. They noticed something while riding the roller coaster. Which of the following is not evidence of what they observed during the roller coaster ride?

• As the roller coaster cars go down the hill, they noticed the energy of motion increases.

• As the roller coaster cars pull to the top of the first hill, they noticed the potential energy increases.

• As the roller coaster cars slow down at the end of the ride, they noticed the energy of motion decreases.

• As the roller coaster cars pull to the top of the first hill, they noticed the potential energy decreases.

During a game of pool, Alice noticed that when she hit the cue ball harder, it moved faster and hit the other balls with more force. What does this observation suggest about the energy of the cue ball when it is hit harder versus when it is hit with less force?

• The cue ball has more energy when it is hit harder than when it is hit with less force.

• The cue ball has a larger mass when it is hit harder than when it is hit with less force.

• The cue ball will reach the other balls in less time when it is hit harder than when it is hit with less force.

John and Mary are testing the speed of a toy car on different surfaces. How can they increase the speed of the toy car?

• They can run it on a rough surface to increase the amount of friction.

• They can use a heavier toy car to increase the amount of friction.

• They can decrease the slope of the surface to give it more potential energy.

• They can increase the slope of the surface to give it more potential energy.

Emma and Ethan are competing in a running race. As Emma increases her speed, her

• energy of motion increases

• energy of motion decreases

• stored energy increases

• energy is used up

While playing with a rubber ball, Lily noticed that when she compresses the ball, it increases its

• potential energy

• kinetic energy

During a trip to the ski resort, Jack, Emma, and Noah observed something while riding the ski lift. Which of the following is not evidence of what they observed during the ski lift ride?

• As the ski lift pulls to the top of the hill, they noticed the potential energy increases.

• As the ski lift descends down the hill, they noticed the energy of motion increases.

• As the ski lift slows down at the bottom of the hill, they noticed the energy of motion decreases.

• As the ski lift pulls to the top of the hill, they noticed the potential energy decreases.