ECD 102 Chapter 3

According to Piaget's constructivism, what should adults do to encourage children's learning?

• Provide one right answer

• Encourage children to explore on their own

• Impose their own knowledge on children

• Discourage children from constructing their own knowledge

What is the role of the adult in Vygotsky's constructivist view?

• To provide direct instruction

• To let children explore independently

• To guide and provide scaffolding

• To impose one right answer

What does ZPD stand for in Vygotsky's constructivist view?

• Zone of Personal Development

• Zone of Potential Development

• Zone of Proximal Development

• Zone of Progressive Development

According to behaviorists, how should adults reinforce children's behavior?

• Ignore inappropriate behavior

• Punish inappropriate behavior

• Reward all behavior equally

• Provide verbal and nonverbal approval for adaptive behaviors

What is the effect of positive consequences on child behavior according to behaviorists?

• It lowers motivation

• It develops internal motivation

• It has no effect on motivation

• It increases extrinsic rewards

What is the goal of motivation in child-centered programs?

• To maintain natural motivation for learning

• To provide extrinsic rewards for learning

• To impose one right answer

• To discourage children from exploring on their own

What are ways to support problem solving in children?

• Avoid setting goals

• Keep the results of their actions hidden

• Discourage children from initiating problem solving

• Plan activities with shared and intrinsically interesting goals

What is a major goal in promoting cognitive and social competence in early childhood?

• To discourage active involvement

• To promote individual guidance

• To ignore warm and supportive relationships

• To discourage children from extending their own ideas

What is the role of adults in sociodramatic play?

• To stay outside the play and offer questions and suggestions

• To take on a role assigned by the child

• To provide materials and equipment fitting the development levels of the children

• To discourage children from engaging in sociodramatic play

What are the guidelines for appropriate use of electronic media according to NAEYC?

• Provide touch screens and computers only for school age children

• Provide opportunities for preschool and kindergarten age children to explore a wide range of electronic platforms

• Avoid providing toys and representations of digital objects

• Discourage the use of electronic media in early childhood