Byzantine and Islamic Empires Review Pt. 3

The Byzantine Empire was the eastern half of which empire and survived for another 1000 years after the collapse of the western half?

• The Ottoman Empire

• The Roman Empire

• The Mughal Empire

• The Caliphate Empire

Answer explanation

The Ottoman Empire: A Sunni Islamic Empire that Conquered the Byzantine Empire in 1453.

The Roman Empire: The dominant Empire from 500 BCE to 400 CE when the Western Half of the Empire (centered around Rome) collapsed while the Eastern Roman Empire lived on as the Byzantine Empire.

The Mughal Empire: The Sunni Islamic Empire that dominated modern-day Pakistan and India from the 16th century to the 19th century.

The Caliphate Empire: The first Muslim empire created by Muhammad to spread his new religion.

The Byzantine Empire preserved the cultural heritage of which two empires/civilizations?

• Roman

• Turkish

• Greek

• French

Answer explanation

The Byzantine Empire continued the Roman culture due to it being the Eastern Roman Empire. The citizens even considered themselves Romans until the 1400s.

Due to the historic significance of Greece the Byzantine Empire's official language would be Greek and they would continue many other Greek traditions.

Constantinople was successfully conquered twice: once in 1204 and again by the Byzantines in 1453. Who were the conquerors in 1204?

• The Ottoman Empire

• European Catholic Crusaders

• The Mughal Empire

• The Safavid Empire

Answer explanation

The Safavid and Mughal Empires would never get large enough to reach the Byzantine Empire due to the Ottomans being in the way.

The Ottomans would try but fail to take Constantinople until Mehmed II did it in 1453, ending the Byzantine Empire.

In 1204, European (French and Venetian) Catholic Crusaders would conquer Constantinople. However they would soon return home and the Byzantines took back control.

Which of the following facts are true for Justinian I of the Byzantine Empire?

• He extended the Byzantine Empire to its largest extent.

• He was the husband of Theodora.

• He ordered the slaughter of 30,000 rebellious civilians by the army.

• He ordered the construction of the Hagia Sophia.

Answer explanation

All of these Facts are true.

He would reconquer many of the lands lost when the Western half of the Roman Empire collapsed extending the Byzantine Empire to its largest Extent.

His wife was Theodora and she was the one who convinced him to fight for his empire by having 30,000 rebellious civilians slaughtered by the army.

He ordered the Hagia Sophia to be constructed as the world's largest church and it was for the next 500 years.

Muhammad was the founder of the religion Islam, and he established an empire to spread his new religion. What was this empire called?

• The Ottoman Empire

• The Caliphate Empire

• The Safavid Empire

• The Mughal Empire

Answer explanation

The Ottoman Empire: Was a Sunni Islamic Empire that lived from 1300 to 1918 CE.

The Caliphate Empire: An Empire founded by Muhammad to spread Islam across the Arabian Peninsula. They would be led by Sunni Elected Caliphs from Muhammad's death in 632 to 1250 CE.

The Safavid Empire: A Shia Islamic Empire that lived in Modern Iran from 1501 to 1722.

The Mughal Empire: A Sunni Islamic Empire that lived in modern-day Pakistan and India from 1526 to 1857.

What event led to the split between Sunni and Shia Islam?

• The death of Muhammad

• The collapse of the Caliphate Empire

• The rise of the Byzantine Empire

• The collapse of the Mughal Empire

Answer explanation

Muhammad would die in 632 CE. Sunni Muslims would continue the Caliphate Empire under the leadership of elected Caliph leaders.

Shia Muslims would want the leadership of the empire and religion to fall to Muhammad's nephew.

What event led to the split between Orthodox and Catholic Christianity?

• The collapse of the Byzantine Empire

• The expansion of the Caliphate Empire

• The split and later collapse of the (Western) Roman Empire

• The rise of the Ottoman Empire

Answer explanation

The Western Roman Empire (centered around Rome) would be Catholic dominated. However the Eastern Roman Empire (centered around Constantinople) would have a combination of Catholicism and local traditions/beliefs from Greece, Bulgaria and other surrounding regions creating Orthodox Christianity.

Which of the following facts are true about Theodora?

• She was the wife of Justinian.

• She was a Queen of the French Empire.

• She convinced her husband to have 30,000 rebellious citizens slaughtered by the army.

• She was the wife of Constantine.

Which of the following facts are true about the building?

• It is called the Taj Mahal.

• It was constructed by Justinian I of the Byzantine Empire in Constantinople.

• It is called the Hagia Sophia.

• It was constructed by Shah Jahan of the Mughal Empire in India.

Which of the following facts are true about the building?

• It is called the Taj Mahal.

• It was constructed by Justinian I of the Byzantine Empire in Constantinople.

• It is called the Hagia Sophia.

• It was constructed by Shah Jahan of the Mughal Empire in India.