Unit 2: Classical Civilizations

Which objective is a primary goal of Confucianism?

• separate society into distinct social classes

• restore social order through proper behavior

• gain salvation through belief in a personal god

• achieve a higher spiritual state through self-sacrifice

Which of the following best explains how river valley civilizations influenced the development of Classical civilizations?

• The belief in monotheism was advanced by the river valley civilizations.

• The idea of religious freedom was promoted by the river valley civilizations.

• The tradition of hunting and gathering was introduced by the river valley

  civilizations.

• The foundations of political centralization were established by the river valley

  civilizations.

The establishment of a Hellenistic empire by Alexander is considered a great achievement because it —

• allowed for Christianity to emerge in a peaceful Greek empire

• promoted the early development of democracy in Greece

• brought about the establishment of the first Greek city-states

• facilitated the spread and preservation of Greek knowledge

Which innovation promoted trade and contributed to the unity of the Persian Empire?

• Use of standardized metal coins

• Creation of a universal code of laws

• Division of the empire into administrative provinces

• Construction of the remarkable gardens of the palace in Babylon

Which of the following best describes Indian culture during the rule of the Gupta Empire?

• Buddhist traditions dominated, while Hindu customs were viewed unfavorably.

• Hindu culture flourished with many works of art and literature being produced.

• Cultural pursuits were prohibited so people could spend their time in meditation.

• Indian scholars were persecuted by political leaders who felt threatened by their ideas.

Which belief system gained prominence in India during the Mauryan Empire?

• Buddhism

• Hinduism

• Christianity

• Confucianism

Why did Emperor Qin Shi Huangdi adopt a legalist philosophy of governing after gaining power in China?

• He wanted peasants to abandon their Buddhist practices and customs.

• He understood that filial piety along with duty to society was very important.

• He believed that strong laws and punishments would bring about social order.

• He wanted to speed up the rebuilding of the military after defeating the Zhou.

How did the Han Dynasty create a centralized government and complex bureaucracy in China?

• Elected groups of twenty families were chosen to serve as advisors to the

  emperor.

• Laws were passed restricting the size of government and the number of officials.

• A system of civil services exams was established for the selection of government

  officials.

• A series of civil wars was fought and victorious generals became governors in the provinces.

Which type of government of early Greece often consisted of a small group of people in power?

• Oligarchy

• Tyranny

• Republic

• Democracy

Why did the Mauryan Empire flourish under the leadership of Ashoka?

• Ashoka passed laws that were so strict, no one dared to rebel.

• Ashoka divided the empire into smaller city-states ruled by his brothers and sons.

• Ashoka instituted a period of peace and open trade after his conversion to Buddhism.

• Ashoka forced many to convert to Buddhism and exiled rebellious Hindus from

  India.