The Crusades

When did the Seljuk Turks establish an empire in the Middle East?

• 1037

• 1093

• 1096

• 1099

Who did the Byzantine Emperor seek help from to counter the Seljuk Turks?

• Pope Urban II

• King Richard I

• Emperor Charlemagne

• Sultan Saladin

What was the main goal of the first Crusade?

• To free Jerusalem from Muslim rule

• To establish Christian kingdoms in the Middle East

• To expand the Byzantine Empire

• To gain economic advantage

How long did the first Crusade last?

• 3 years

• 5 years

• 7 years

• 9 years

What was the outcome of the first Crusade?

• The Crusaders successfully drove the Turks from Jerusalem

• The Turks regained control of Jerusalem

• The Crusaders established a permanent Christian kingdom in Jerusalem

• The Crusaders failed to achieve their goals

What motivated devout Christians to join the Crusades?

• Denial of Christian pilgrims' access to Jerusalem

• Opportunities for economic gain

• Political opportunism

• Desire for adventure

Who hoped that the Crusades would bring peace to Europe?

• Pope Urban II

• Seljuk Turks

• Byzantine Emperor

• Italian merchants

What effect did the Crusades have on Mediterranean trade?

• Stimulated trade between Asia and Europe

• Decreased trade between Asia and Europe

• Had no impact on trade

• Destroyed trade routes

What did the Crusades expose Europeans to?

• Muslim scholarship and Asian goods

• Christian theology and European goods

• African culture and African goods

• Asian cuisine and African goods

What was the legacy of the Crusades in the East?

• Increased animosity between Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches

• Improved relations between Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches

• No impact on relations between Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches

• Unification of Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches