AP World History Review 2

Match the following definitions to the appropriate terms.

• Flying cash

• Roadside inns found along the silk roads that were spaced about 100 miles apart

• Junk

• System of credit that allowed a merchant to deposit paper money under his name in one location and withdraw the same amount at another location

• Caravanserai

• Chinese invention; used paper bills as currency instead of heavy metal coins

• Paper money

• Trading cities that grew along the Silk Roads

• Samarkand & Kashgar

• Large Chinese ship for carrying trade goods

Match the following historical developments to the theme that is MOST appropriate.

• Economics

• The fall of Baghdad, the fall of the Song Dynasty, and the rise of the Mongol Empire

• Innovation / Technology

• The spread of the Black Death from Asia to Europe due to infected fleas on rats, which followed the trade caravans

• Environment

• Silk Roads, paper money, and flying cash

• Politics

• The magnetic compass and the stern rudder

Which statement about China and trade does this passage best support?

• Trade between Europe and Cathay was greatly enhanced by the security established by the Mongol and Ming Empires.

• Merchants rarely traveled between Tana and Cathay because the road was very dangerous.

• Cambalec was an important trading hub, but it was not a large city.

• The author felt the risks of trade with China outweighed the rewards.

Which development was the turning point that led to the expansion of trade between Asia and Europe?

• The formation of the Silk Roads by Marco Polo allowed goods from Asia to be imported into Europe for the frst time.

• The conquests by Mongols, which led to improved trade routes and reduced trading costs.

• The invention of silk cloth during the early Mongol rule allowed the Mongols to trade for pottery, wool, and other European goods.

• The invention of paper money by Venetian bankers helped to facilitate trade between Europe and Asia.

Match the following definitions to the appropriate terms.

• Ming Dynasty

• Established by the Buddhist monk Zhu Yuanzhang in 1368. Overthrew the Mongol's Yuan Dynasty. Ruled China from 1368-1644.

• Pax Mongolica

• King

• Golden Horde

• Latin for "Mongolian Peace". Century long period of peace that followed the Mongol conquest of Eurasia

• Yuan Dynasty

• Establish by Kublai Khan, Genghis Khan's grandson, to replace the Song Dynasty after the Mongol conquest.

• Khan

• Led by Batu, Genghis Khan's grandson. Conquered much of Russia and eastern Europe.

Match the following Mongol attempts at conquest to their outcome.

• Baghdad

• Failed. The Mongol envoys were executed and their heads displayed on the Cairo gate. The Mongols lost the battle of Ain Jalut because their enemy was unified and prepared.

• Japan

• Failed twice. Both times the Mongols were held back by samurai armies and their fleets were destroyed by tsunamis.

• Korea

• Failed the first six attempts. Finally succeeded on the seventh invasion.

• Mamluk Sultanate

• Succeeded in 1258. Executed the Caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate and massacred around 1 million citizens.

Based on the passage, what can be inferred about the status of women in Mongol society compared to women in the Song Dynasty and Dar al-Islam c. 1250?

• The Mongol culture was more accepting of women in power than the cultures of the Song Dynasty or Dar al-Islam.

• The women in the Song Dynasty ran the government while the men were subject to foot-binding.

• The women in Dar al-Islam ran the government while the men were held as concubines in harems.

• Women were of essentially equal status throughout all societies c. 1250.

Match the following definitions to the appropriate technological innovations.

• Junk

• Possibly an Arab invention; their triangular shape could easily catch winds coming from many different directions.

• Astrolabe

• Muslim navigators used it to aid navigation by determining their distance from the equator.

• Stern rudder

• Chinese invention; aided ship navigation by always pointing north.

• Lateen sail

• Large Chinese ship for carrying trade goods.

• Magnetic compass

• Chinese invention which gave their ships more stability and made them easier to maneuver.

Match the following trading locations to the main products they exported (sent out for trade).

• Yuan Dynasty/ Ming Dynasty (China)

• Trade city at the midway point between the eastern and western Silk Roads

• Samarkand

• Silk, porcelain, tea, paper, gunpowder

• Swahili Coastal Cities (East Africa)

• Nutmeg, cinnamon, cloves, and other spices.

• Spice Islands

  (Malaysia / Indonesia)

• Cotton, carpets, steel, and pepper.

• Calicut

  (Vijayanagara Empire)

• Gold, ivory, and slaves.

The map helps explain why South Asian merchants preferred to travel

• to Africa in the winter months

• to Southeast Asia in the winter months

• to China in the summer months

• to the Middle East in the summer months