Review Anatomy and Physiology Ch 1,2,3

What is complementarity of anatomy and physiology?

• Anatomy can be described only by the underlying physiology.

• Function only exists due to the underlying structures.

• Anatomy and physiology are both branches of biology
• Anatomy is the study of the human body, while physiology is the study of animals

Digestion includes breaking substances into their simpler building blocks, synthesizing more complex cellular structures from simpler substances, and using nutrients and oxygen to produce ATP.

• True

• False

One interaction in the figure could be considered the central interaction, one that is supported by the others. Which one?

• 1

• 2 and 3

• 4

• 5

Why is the figure considered to be an example of a negative feedback system, as opposed to a positive feedback system?

• The figure shows the detection of an imbalance.  

• The figure illustrates the correction of an imbalance back to a baseline.  

• A central nervous system regulator is regulating the response.  

• The figure includes an efferent pathway.  

The knee is proximal to the thigh.

• True

• False

What is the role of the serous membranes covering some organs?

• 
  to provide passage of nutrients for the organ tissues

• to serve as extra tissue for blood flow to the organ

• to prevent friction between the organ and body cavity wall

• to provide a protective outer covering for the organ

Which four elements comprise approximately 96% of our body weight?

• carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen.

• carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and potassium

• carbon, oxygen, iron, and potassium

• carbon, oxygen, potassium, and sodium

Which of the following is the major positive ion outside cells?

• Sodium

• Potassium

• Calcium

• Iron

An atom with an atomic number of 14 and a mass number of 24 would have...

• 10 protons

• 24 protons

• 14 electrons

• 14 neutrons

Why can dehydration be such a life-threating event?

• It significantly alters the ratio of body water (solvent) to dissolved substances (solutes), such as sodium ions.

• The kidneys will excrete more sodium ions to make up for the lack of water intake.

• Blood chemistry is severely altered to the point that electrolyte concentrations of solutes such as sodium ions become too dilute.

• Tissue interstitial fluid accumulates around vital organs, such as the heart, causing them to work less efficiently.