Unit 2 Test Review

Which group of elements is present in all macromolecules?

• Phosphorous, Oxygen, Nitrogen

• Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen

• Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

• Carbon, Phosphorous, Nitrogen

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Cellulose, starch, and glycogen are all made of repeating glucose subunits. Humans are able to break down and process starch and glycogen for energy, but are unable to utilize cellulose. Which of the following reasons best explains why this is the case?

• Cellulose contains molecules other than glucose and these other molecules are too large for humans to process

• Cellulose is much larger than starch or glycogen leading to our inability to process it

• Each molecule requires certain enzymes to be broken down, humans do not have the necessary enzymes to breakdown cellose.

• Humans have lost the ability to process cellulose as a result of our evolutionary history

Four elements account for over 90% of the matter in living things. Select those four elements below.

• carbon

• hydrogen

• nitrogen

• oxygen

• sulfer

During digestion, fructose is produced by the breakdown of larger molecules. Which type of molecule could be broken down to increase the body´s fructose levels?

• proteins

• vitamins

• triglycerides

• carbohydrates

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

Which type of molecules combine to make up the protein portion of hemoglobin?

• fatty acids

• amino acids

• monosaccharides

• polysaccharides

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

What could happen to an enzyme if the pH was not at an optimum level?

• it could become denatured

• it would explode

• it could change its pH to the correct level

• it could start an underground rollerskating group that would meet on Tuesday nights

What macromolecule are enzymes made of?

• lipids

• nucleic acids

• proteins

• carbohydrates

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Some individuals are unable to digest the lactose found in the milk of cows. The digestive systems of these individuals most likely lack which?

• a lipid that coats lactose molecules

• an ability to produce lactose internally

• an enzyme that catalyzes lactose breakdown

• a tolerance to lactose developed during childhood

Which statement best explains why enzymes bind to specific substrates?

• They feel like it

• An enzyme folds differently in the presence of different substrates

• Different amino acid sequences cause variations in the shapes of an enzyme´s active sites

• Enzyme-substrate binding is based on size so only large enzymes can bind to large substrates

Ricky investigates how enzymes are important to body processes. How is the role of enzymes in biochemical activity best explained?

• Enzymes work at all pH levels

• Enzymes decrease the rate of metabolism

• Enzymes enable reactions to occur at lower temperatures

• Enzymes raise the activation energy needed for a reaction