Fall of Rome / Byzantine Empire

Byzantine Empire

• Religious images used in the Eastern Church to pray and worship. Some like Leo III thought the icons promoted idol worship.
• Also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, it was the continuation of the Roman Empire in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople.
• During the Roman Republic, Latin became the dominant language. Many of today's languages (French, Italian, and Spanish) are descended from Latin.
• With a vast territory to govern the empire struggled to keep control. There were not enough troops to protect all of the land.

Constantine I

• This man became known for splitting the Roman Empire. He persecuted Christians and did not comply with traditional Roman religious practices.
• The first Christian Roman emperor ruling after Diocletian. He reunited the Roman Empire for a short period of time. He also moved the capital to the East and built Constantinople.
• With a vast territory to govern the empire struggled to keep control. There were not enough troops to protect all of the land.
• A large stadium that held chariot races in Constantinople. Military ceremonies and public executions were also held here.

Constantinople

• A break in the Christian church that occurred in 1054 leading to the development of the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Western Roman Catholic Church. The Pope's power in the east diminished.
• The capital of the Byzantine Empire that was filled with churches, elaborate buildings, and palaces. Merchants from all over Europe ventured to the city to exchange goods and ideas.
• These include the ideas that a person is presumed innocent until proven guilty, that accused people are allowed to defend themselves in front of a judge, and that a judge should weigh all the evidence before making a decision.
• A collection of laws that Justinian created with his commissioners. It included laws about Christianity, property, and trade.

Decline of Roman Empire (Invasions)

• A collection of laws that Justinian created with his commissioners. It included laws about Christianity, property, and trade.
• A large stadium that held chariot races in Constantinople. Military ceremonies and public executions were also held here.
• The decline of Rome was caused, in part, by attacks by Germanic tribes, the Huns, and Barbarian groups. The Visigoths attacked in 410 and the Vandals sacked Rome in 455.
• The capital of the Byzantine Empire that was filled with churches, elaborate buildings, and palaces. Merchants from all over Europe ventured to the city to exchange goods and ideas.

Decline of Roman Empire (Military Problems)

• Julius Caesar introduced the twelve month calendar. It was similar to the calendar we use today.
• The decline of Rome was caused, in part, by a major labor shortage due to the plague which left the empire without enough soldiers to protect the empire.
• This was the main street of Constantinople. It featured merchant stands that sold goods from Europe, Africa, and Asia.
• This man brought in the Golden Age of Byzantium. He created a code of law and expanded the Byzantine Empire.

Decline of Roman Empire (Plague)

• There was a large decline in trade and small industry as the Roman Empire came to a close. The results were devastating.
• The plague may have assisted in finishing off the Roman Empire. Researchers have discovered the plague bacterium in gravesites.
• The first Christian Roman emperor ruling after Diocletian. He reunited the Roman Empire for a short period of time. He also moved the capital to the East and built Constantinople.
• This was the main street of Constantinople. It featured merchant stands that sold goods from Europe, Africa, and Asia.

Decline of Roman Empire (Economic Problems)

• There was a large decline in trade and small industry as the Roman Empire came to a close. The results were devastating.
• Rome had a tremendous influence on government buildings including those of the United States. Doric columns, pillars, and arches were all influenced by Rome.
• Rome began to decline after the spread of Christianity. The traditional social and political systems were disrupted by the spread of Christianity.
• Religious images used in the Eastern Church to pray and worship. Some like Leo III thought the icons promoted idol worship.

Decline of Roman Empire (Overexpansion)

• The Romans used a number system that used letters to represent numbers. We still use Roman numerals on watches, buildings, and monuments.
• Julius Caesar introduced the twelve month calendar. It was similar to the calendar we use today.
• With a vast territory to govern the empire struggled to keep control. There were not enough troops to protect all of the land.
• This man became known for splitting the Roman Empire. He persecuted Christians and did not comply with traditional Roman religious practices.

Decline of Roman Empire (Religion)

• The Romans used a number system that used letters to represent numbers. We still use Roman numerals on watches, buildings, and monuments.
• Rome began to decline after the spread of Christianity. The traditional social and political systems were disrupted by the spread of Christianity.
• Rome had a tremendous influence on government buildings including those of the United States. Doric columns, pillars, and arches were all influenced by Rome.
• The capital of the Byzantine Empire that was filled with churches, elaborate buildings, and palaces. Merchants from all over Europe ventured to the city to exchange goods and ideas.

Diocletian

• The decline of Rome was caused, in part, by attacks by Germanic tribes, the Huns, and Barbarian groups. The Visigoths attacked in 410 and the Vandals sacked Rome in 455.
• A collection of laws that Justinian created with his commissioners. It included laws about Christianity, property, and trade.
• Religious images used in the Eastern Church to pray and worship. Some like Leo III thought the icons promoted idol worship.
• This man became known for splitting the Roman Empire. He persecuted Christians and did not comply with traditional Roman religious practices.