Review of Big Picture, English/Spanish Structure

Which of the following is a major source of reading failure?

• Ineffective teaching methods

• Lack of student motivation

• Low score on the NAEP

• poor spelling

What might be a cause of an adolescent’s low motivation and interest in reading?

• Too much independent reading

• . Difficulty in first learning to read

• Good activation of the back of the brain

• Lack of motivation to learn difficult subjects and concepts

Where are students most likely to encounter new academic vocabulary?

• Adult conversations

• Prime-time TV shows

• kids birthday party

• Children’s books

Approximately how many different phonemes are there in spoken American English?

• 60-65

• 50-54

• 40-44

• 15-22

Which of the following describes the difference between a phoneme and a grapheme?

• A grapheme is a vowel, and a phoneme is a consonant.

• A grapheme is a larger unit than a phoneme.

• A grapheme is written, and a phoneme is spoken.

• A grapheme is voiced and a phoneme is unvoiced.

Which consonant phonemes are voiced?

• /t/ and /s/

• /f/ and /k/

• /d/ and /z/

• /p/ and /t/

Which consonant phonemes are continuous sounds?

• /t/ and /g/

• /m/ and /s/

• /ch/ and /ng/

• /b/ and /d/

One of the distinguishing features of English is the number of different vowel sounds. How are the distinct vowel sounds produced?

• By obstructing airflow out of the mouth

• By vibrating the vocal cords

• By changing the tongue and lip positions

• By producing the sounds from your nasal cavity

Approximately how many different phonemes are there in the Spanish spoken in the Americas?

• 36

• 22

• 43

• 29

What are cognates?

• Latin and Greek roots that are combined with other bound morphemes

• Pairs of words in two languages that share a similar spelling, pronunciation, and meaning

• Words from Romance languages that sound the same but are spelled differently

• Pairs of words in English that are similar in meaning but are spelled differently