1.3: Immigration and Urbanization

Match the term to its definition:

• Immigration

• The process of adopting and fitting in with the existing local culture.

• Assimilation

• Reasons causing someone to leave a country.

• Push Factor

• Reasons causing someone to come to a country.

• Pull Factor

• Hostility towards foreigners in the name of preserving the existing local culture.

• Nativism

• The action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country.

Which of the following were countries of origin of 'new immigrants' to the United States during the late-19th century? (select all that apply)

• Britain

• France

• Italy

• Russia

• Greece

Since the arrival of Europeans and Africans on the east coast of North America, there were ​ (a)   formal restrictions on immigration. This changed in the late-19th century when there was a surge in immigration from ​ (b)   Europe. To regulate entry, an inspection station was established on ​ (c)   in New York. There, immigrants were cleared for entry if they were found to be healthy, able to ​ (d)   , and loyal to their new country.

• few to no
• many
• southern and eastern
• northern and western
• Ellis Island
• Angel Island
• vote
• work

Unlike 'old immigrants', 'new immigrants' during the Gilded Age were more likely to be: (select all that apply)

• middle class

• Catholic or Orthodox

• illiterate and unskilled

• familiar with democracy

• settling in cities

Which of the following were factors causing a surge of migration to the United States during the Gilded Age? (select all that apply)

• Availability of jobs in the US

• Economic opportunity in Europe

• Improved transportation accessibility

• Demand for an educated workforce

• Overpopulation and conflict in Europe

Which of the following best explains the reasoning for the passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?

• Diplomatic relations between the US and China had broken down into hostility.

• Chinese immigrants were persecuted for fear that they were unfair competition for low-paying jobs.

• The federal government considered Chinese culture to be too foreign to the existing local culture.

• Chinese immigrants were not contributing significantly to the US industrial economy.

Each of the following are reasons why 'new immigrants' mainly settled in cities, except:

• They were able to form ethnic neighborhoods and support networks for new arrivals.

• They were most easily able to find employment in factories, mills, and other industry.

• They could benefit from favors offered by political machines in city governments.

• They wanted to establish their own businesses as educated and skilled professionals.

Match the following:

• Chinese Exclusion Act

• An immigration inspection station in New York where new arrivals were quickly processed after ensuring they would not bring disease or be a public charge.

• Pendleton Civil Service Act

• A law passed to end the 'spoils system' and ensure that all appointments to jobs in government were made based on merit, not favoritism.

• Ellis Island

• A law passed to enforce the restriction of a certain ethnic group from immigrating to the United States due to fear of unfair competition for low-paying jobs.

• Angel Island

• An immigration inspection station in California where new arrivals were processed slowly and frequently denied entry to enforce ethnic exclusion policies.

Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the data?

• During the late-19th century, immigration to the US increased at a declining rate.

• During the late-19th century, most immigrants to the United States settled in cities.

• During the late-19th century, the immigrant population in the US more than doubled.

• During the late-19th century, immigration to the US dramatically declined.

Which of the following concepts is most directly reflected in the data?

• Urbanization

• Industrialization

• Immigration

• Nativism