Culture Review

A nurse is planning to use best practices to perform dressing changes. According to the steps of evidence-based practice (EBP), which of the following steps should the nurse plan to perform first?

• Watch other nurses perform dressing changes and ask questions about why they perform the procedure differently.

• Conduct a literature search to determine the presence of nursing literature on how to perform dressing changes.

• Read, organize, and compare the results of the scientific literature search.

• Implement changes for performing dressing changes and collect data to determine client outcomes.

Answer explanation

The first step in the process of EBP is asking a question. Therefore, asking a question about using a different technique to perform a dressing change is the first step.

A nurse is discussing the process of evidence-based practice with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following information should the nurse include when discussing a PICOT question?

• I refers to the issue to be researched.

• C refers to the cost to complete the research.

• P refers to the steps for planning the research.

• O refers to the outcome of the research.

Answer explanation

The nurse should identify that the letter O in PICOT refers to the outcome, or the results of the intervention the nurse is questioning.

A nurse is preparing an in-service about evidence-based practice (EBP). Which of the following information should the nurse include about peer-reviewed sources of information?

• Editorial opinion articles by journalists can be as relevant as peer-reviewed articles.

• Peer-reviewed articles are not considered scholarly sources of evidence.

• Open access peer-reviewed articles must be purchased by the user.

• Peer-reviewed articles have been through laborious review by other professionals.

Answer explanation

Peer-reviewed articles have been through laborious review by other professionals.

A charge nurse is discussing evidence-based practice (EBP) with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following information should the nurse include when discussing the hierarchy of evidence?

• Level I evidence is considered to be the best evidence to support EBP.

• Level VII evidence comes from a meta-analysis of multiple peer-reviewed studies.

• Level I evidence includes evidence found in nursing textbooks.

• Qualitative studies are considered to be one type of Level I evidence.

Answer explanation

Evidence is divided into levels that signify how applicable the information is to EBP and client care. Level I evidence is the highest level to support EBP and subsequent changes in nursing practice.

A nurse presents an in-service about a practice change to reduce medication errors on a surgical unit. Which of the following steps of evidence-based practice (EBP) is the nurse taking?

• Sharing results

• Implementing recommendations

• Examining the collected data

• Searching for credible sources

Answer explanation

Rationale:  Sharing the results about reducing medication errors with others is the sixth step of EBP. The nurse should communicate the findings with others to support client outcomes and maintain practice change.

A charge nurse is discussing qualitative and quantitative research with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements should the charge nurse make?

• Qualitative research uses larger sample sizes than quantitative research.

• Quantitative research analyzes collected data using statistical methods.

• Quantitative research aims to understand the feelings associated with a particular event.

• Qualitative research studies how to implement EBP into various settings.

Answer explanation

The nurse should identify that quantitative research is focused on numbers when evaluating research outcomes. The information obtained during research is analyzed and reported as statistical data.

A nurse is serving on a continuous quality improvement (CQI) committee that has been assigned to develop a program to reduce the number of medication administration errors following a sentinel event at the facility. Which of the following strategies should the committee plan to initiate first?

• Provide an inservice on medication administration to all the nurses.

• Require staff nurses to demonstrate competency by passing a medication administration examination.

• Review the events leading up to each medication administration error.

• Develop a quality improvement program for nurses involved in medication administration errors.

Answer explanation

After a sentinel event, the first step the committee should plan to take is to use root cause analysis to identify the underlying cause or causes that led to the medication errors.

A nurse is teaching a class about quality improvement tools. The nurse should include that which of the following tools is used to identify errors in nursing documentation?

• Histogram

• Run Chart

• Process Flow Chart

• Chart Audit

Answer explanation

A chart audit is a quality improvement tool that is used to identify errors in nursing documentation to improve the quality of care and client outcomes.

A nurse is discussing culturally competent care at a nursing staff inservice. Which of the following information should the nurse include when discussing clients' cultures?

• Nurses should focus on clients' cultures, rather than their ethnicity, when providing care.

• Nonverbal communication is important in few cultures.

• Culture plays no role in determining when a client will seek medical care.

• Nurses should expect clients to adapt to the care provided regardless of culture.

Answer explanation

Nurses should assess clients and make decisions regarding care based on culture, rather than based on ethnicity or race.

A nurse notices an assistive personnel (AP) preparing to deliver a food tray to a client who practices the Orthodox Jewish faith. On the tray is a roast beef dinner with nonfat milk. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

• Allow the AP to deliver the food tray to the client.

• Call the dietary department and ask for a kosher tray.

• Replace the nonfat milk with apple juice.

• Explain to the client that he needs the protein in the milk and the beef.

Answer explanation

This action shows cultural sensitivity and respect for the client’s cultural and spiritual beliefs. Clients who practice the Orthodox Jewish faith do not eat meat and dairy together.