Unit 8 Canvas Class

The presence of which of the following contaminants would be the strongest reason for judging municipal sewage sludge unfit for use as fertilizer?

• Heavy metals

• Human feces

• Ammonia

• Nitrates

• Phosphates

Which of the following is the most

likely route for mercury to enter the food web?

• Coal-burning emission→ deposition →

  ocean →

  plankton → fishes

• Mining waste →

  acid deposition →

  surface runoff →

  plants and vegetation

• Municipal waste →

  landfill →

  groundwater →

  plants and vegetation

• Organic fertilizers →

  soil → groundwater → lake →

  trout

• Medical waste

  incinerators →

  stratosphere → grass → cows

Which of the following is a measure of the amount of suspended material in water?

• Turbidity

• Salinity

• Trace-metal contamination

• Leachate

  concentration

• pH

Overuse of groundwater in coastal areas would most likely result in which of the
following?

• Saltwater intrusion

• Saltwater intrusion

• Increase in stream

  flow

• Bacterial

  contamination of

  surface water

• Decrease in

  eutrophication

As urbanization increases and natural soil surfaces are covered, the groundwatersupply is reduced due to

• loss of recharge area

• capping of artesian

  wells

• increased evaporation and transpiration

• decreased surface runoff

• decreased surface runoff

Which of the following best describes an advantage of constructing habitat corridors?

• Corridors connect habitats separated by fragmentation and connect wildlife

  populations.

• Corridors prevent invasive species from traveling

  between protected

  habitats.

• Corridors provide a safe passage for vehicles and allow humans to travel within

  wildlife preserves.

• Corridors increase the amount of protected area that

  is not affected by humans.

Of the following, the greatest threat to populations of migratory North American songbirds is

• clearing of tropical

  forests

• predation by raptors

• disease from polluted waters

• sport hunting

• international trade in

  pets

Of the following, which is the best example of reclamation of disturbed lands?

• Restoring vegetation

  to an area that has
  been mined

• Constructing a new wetland to compensate

  for the loss of

  wetlands

• Growing crops on

  land formerly used

  for grazing

• Reintroducing an

  endangered species into an area from which it has disappeared

• Reintroducing an

  endangered species into an area from which it has disappeared

Which of the following identifies the two factors thought to be the most harmful to biodiversity?

• Destruction of habitat and invasion by

  nonnative species

• Acid deposition and increased use of

  fertilizers for

  agriculture

• Depletion of the

  ozone layer and oil

  drilling

• Changes in climate and proliferation of

  endemic species

• Global warming and

  decline in fisheries

Which of the following solutions would help decrease flood frequencies and flood sizes that are caused by urbanization?

• Using new, more permeable materials for roads and sidewalks

• Filling nearby wetlands to reduce the amount of water in an area

• Encouraging construction of housing developments outward into nearby suburban and ruralareas

• Installing new, more energy-efficient appliances in existing apartment buildings