Introduction to Logic

A/an __________________________ is a collection of values, symbols and rules designed to ensure that our reasoning is correct.

• logical system

• axiom

• proposition

• hypothesis

In the simplest logical systems, each statement has a/an __________________________ of true or false.

• logical value

• numerical value

• equation

• expression

A/an __________________________ is a statement that is assumed to be true by “common sense.” We want to use as few of these as possible!

• axiom

• expression

• equation

• congruency

A/an __________________________ is a statement derived from one or more axioms using the rules of a logical system.

• theorem

• equation

• expression

• converse

A set of logical steps which lead from a statement or statements known or assumed to be true to a theorem is called a __________________________ of that theorem.

• proof

• inverse

• converse

• contrapositive

A/an __________________________ is a fact that proves that a logical statement is false.

• counterexample

• contrapositive

• converse

• congruency

A logical statement of the form “If A then B,” where A and B are also logical statements, is called a  __________________________ statement.

• conditional

• compound

• converse

• counterexample

In a conditional statement "If A, then B," the "A" is called the ________________________.

• hypothesis

• conclusion

• converse

• counterexample

In a conditional statement "If A, then B," the "B" is called the ________________________.

• hypothesis

• conclusion

• converse

• counterexample

What does "A → B" mean in logic?

• If A, then B

• A causes B

• A comes before B

• A controls B