EC U1-1: Trends in Early Childhood Education (LETRS EC pp3-14)

Research confirms that providing early educational services positively impacts children's later success.

• True

• False

Match the following

• 1965 Head Start

• These services were extended to include infants, toddlers, and preschool children with disabilities.

• 1992

• More than 40 state provided some level of publically funded prrekindergartenprogramming for four-year-old children. Some services were universal, available for all four year-olds ' otehr provided services for children at risk of later learning challenges based on family income or delays in development.

• 2010

• Georgia was the first state to provide publically funded prekindergarten special education programs to four-year-old children.

• 1975 Education Handicapped Act (EHA)

• A law establishing that all school-aged children, including those with identified disabilities, have access to free and appropriate public education.

• 1986 Preschool Special Education

• A preschool educational program that serves children ages 3-5 living in poverty. Focused on helping children develop skills in the following developmental domains: physical well0being and motor development; social and emotinal development; approaches toward learning; language and communicaiton development, and cognition and general knowledge.

The sheer number of words young children hear and the types of langugae interactions in their environments are _____ correlated to their academic acheivements in the intermediate grades.

• not at all

• significantly

• partially

Which report described the component reading skills of phonemic awareness, phonics, vocabulary, fluency, and comprehension?

• Natioan Early Literacy Panel (NELP), 2008

• Heart & Risley 1995

• The National Reading Panel (NRP) report, 2000

• National Education Goals Panel (NEGP), 1995

Answer explanation

1995 Hart & Risley: documented the sheer number of words young children hear and the types of lanaugage interactions in thier environments are significantly correlated to their academic achievement in the intermediate grades.

1995 NEGP: published a report describing the learning indicators and general age expectations for young children across the five developmental domains: physial well-being and motor development; social and emotional development; approaches toward learning; language and communication development; and cognition and general knowledge.

2008 NELP: documented the skills preschool children develp that provide the foundation for learning to read and write in elementary school.

The National Early Literacy Panel (NELP) findings confirmed that oral language, phonological processing, and ____ are strongly predictive of how well children learn to read.

• reading fluency

• vocabulary

• decoding

• print knowledge

Which is not a phonological processing skill?

• Phonological awareness (the ability to detect, manipulate, or analyze the auditory aspects of spoken language independent of meaning).

• Alphabet knowledge (knowing the names and sounds of letters)

• Rapid automatic naming of letters or digits (the abiity to rapidly name sequences of random letters or numerals)

• Rapid automatic naming of objects, colors (the ability to rapidly name a sequence of repeating random sets of colors or pictures of objects)

Explicit, systematic, and sequential instruction is important in the elementary grades and beyond, it is not true in preschool settings.

• True

• False

Explicit, systematic, and sequential instruction is important in the elementary grades and beyond, it is not true in preschool settings.

• True

• False

Match the following Langugae and Literacy Learning Indicators and descriptions in the National Educational Goals Panel (NEGP)

• Listening

• Hear, identify, and create oral rhymes and syllables in spoken words

• Phonemic Awareness

• Discriminate and identify phonemes in spoken words

• Letter Knowlede/Early Word Recognitio

• Develop awareness of concepts of print(e.g., book cover, top/bottom, finger sweep) and environmental print.

• Phonological Awareness

• Recognize own name in print; demonstate awareness or knowledge of letters; begin to recognize sound associations for some letters.

• Print Awareness

• Listen to stories; undersand and follow directions

Young children learn in a(an) _____ manner.

• learning on demand

• in the moment

• reactive

Answer explanation

Children are more likely to learn and remember new things when they are presented in repetitive and exciting ways and when the informaiton has a specail interest to them—such as their birthday.