Unit 1 Industrialization

the Bessemer Process

• A method for producing steel
• A process for making cheese
• A technique for creating soft drinks

• A method for creating plastic

Answer explanation

The Bessemer Process was a cheap and efficient process for making steel, developed around 1850 by Henry Bessemer.

telegraph

• A device for transmitting messages over long distances
• A type of television
• A brand of telephone
• A type of radio

Answer explanation

The telegraph was a device used for the electrical transmission of coded messages over wires.

the Transcontinental Railroad

• A railway system connecting the east and west coasts of the United States
• A railway system connecting North and South America
• A railway system connecting Europe and Asia
• A railway system connecting Africa and Australia

Answer explanation

The Transcontinental Railroad was a railroad line that connected the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the US, completed in 1869.

corporation

• A type of fruit
• A type of animal
• A type of vehicle
• A legal entity that is separate and distinct from its owners

shareholder

• a partial owner of a corporation, who receives a share of a corporations profits based on the amount of stock they own.

• A person who sells shares
• A person who buys shares
• A person who manages shares

robber barons

• A type of medieval noble
• A type of bird
• A type of ship
• A term used for unscrupulous industrialists in the late 19th century

Answer explanation

• ‘Captains of Industry’ were sometimes called ‘robber barons’ because of the ruthless tactics they used to destroy their competition and methods used to keep workers wages low. (Rockefeller, Carnegie, Vanderbilt, Morgan)

philanthropy

• A type of disease
• A type of plant
• The desire to promote the welfare of others, expressed especially by the generous donation of money to good causes
• A type of animal

laissez-faire

• A type of cheese
• A French dessert
• A policy of minimum governmental interference in the economic affairs of individuals and society
• A type of dance

Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890)

• An act to regulate interstate commerce
• An act to abolish slavery
• An act to establish the Federal Reserve System
• An act to prevent monopolies and promote competition

labor union

• A group of workers that come together to achieve common goals
• A type of machine used in factories
• A law passed by the government
• A type of currency