AP Bio Ch 3 Quiz 1

In a single molecule of water, two hydrogen atoms are bonded to a single oxygen atom by ________.

• nonpolar covalent bonds

• hydrogen bonds

• polar covalent bonds

• ionic bond

The partial negative charge at one end of a water molecule is attracted to the partial positive charge of another water molecule. What is this attraction called?

• hydrogen bond

• ven der Waal interaction

• ionic bond

• covalent bond

The partial negative charge in a molecule of water occurs because ________.

• the oxygen atom donates an electron to each of the hydrogen atoms

• the oxygen atom has two pairs of electrons in its valence shell that are not neutralized by hydrogen atoms

• one of the hydrogen atoms donates an electron to the oxygen atom

• the electrons shared between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms spend more time around the oxygen atom nucleus than around the hydrogen atom nucleus

Sulfur is in the same column of the periodic table as oxygen, but has electronegativity similar to carbon. Compared to water molecules, molecules of H2S will ________.

• have a higher capacity to absorb heat for the same change in temperature

• have greater cohesion to other molecules of H2S

• not form hydrogen bonds with each other

• have a greater tendency to form hydrogen bonds with each other

Water molecules can form hydrogen bonds with ________.

• chloride ions

• compounds that have polar covalent bonds

• oxygen gas (O2) molecules

• oils

Cohesion, surface tension, and adhesion are the properties of water molecules that ________.

• are a result of hydrogen bonding

• increase when temperature increases

• increase when pH increases

• are a result of polar covalent bonding

Liquid water ________.

• has a specific heat lower than that of most other substances

• has a heat of vaporization higher than that of most other substances

• is less dense than ice

• is nonpolar

Which of the following can be attributed to water's high specific heat?

• Sugar dissolves in hot tea faster than in iced tea.

• Oil and water do not mix well.

• A lake heats up more slowly than the air around it.

• Ice floats on water.

The cities of Portland, Oregon, and Minneapolis, Minnesota, are at about the same latitude, but Minneapolis has much hotter summers and much colder winters than Portland. Why?

• The ocean near Portland moderates the temperature.

• Minneapolis is much windier, due to its location in the middle of North America.

• They are not at the same exact latitude.

• Fresh water is more likely to freeze than salt water.

To act as an effective coolant in a car's radiator, a substance has to have the capacity to absorb a great deal of heat. You have a reference book with tables listing the physical properties of many liquids. In choosing a coolant for your car, which table would you check first?

• density at room temperature

• pH

• specific heat

• heat of vaporization