Experiments + hypothesis

A two-tailed hypothesis predicts an effect on the DV but doesn’t say in which direction.

• True

• False

Which of the following TWO answers are disadvantages of a field experiment?

• Ethical issues related to deception and informed consent

• The experiment is difficult to replicate if needed again

• Demand characteristics can become a big issue in the experiment

• There will be a higher control of ecological validity

The participants who eat chocolate before a test will achieve a significant higher score than participants who do not. Which type of hypothesis is this statement?

• Null hypothesis

• Directional hypothesis

• Non-directional hypothesis

• Alternative hypothesis

A student wants to test the effects of different types of exercise on heart rate. What is the dependent variable here?

• Heart rate

• Type of exercise

• Amount of exercise

• Time of day a person exercises

Which of the following are examples of participant variables?

• Experimenter’s tone and body language

• Time of day, noise level, temperature and location

• Prior experience, motivation, intelligence and educational background

• Confounding variables

A research hypothesis is operationalized by stating:

• The populations from which the sample would be drawn

• How the IV and DV will be manipulated and measured

• How confounding variables can be controlled

In an experiment, it is essential to control for extraneous variables so that:

• There is a probability that the results will be obtained by chance

• A valid conclusion can be made about the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable

• A valid conclusion can be made about the effect of the dependent variable on the independent variable

• The hypothesis would be supported and the results of the experiment can be generalised to the broader population

In a …….., only the participants do not know whether they are receiving a treatment or not.

• Double-blind study

• Single-blind study

• Stratified sample

• Case study

In a study to test the effect of a driver training program on driving skill, a possible operationalisation of the dependent variable would be:

• Amount of traffic

• Hours spent training

• Number of accidents

A level in which an IV no longer influences the DV:

• Situational variable

• Experimenter variable

• Ceiling effect

• Single blind technique