Unit 13 Biology Review

Match the following

• process in which cells become specialized in structure and function

• genetic code

• group of 3 bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to the 3 bases of a codon of mRNA

• anticodon

• expressed sequence of DNA or codes for a protein

• codon

• group of 3 nucleotide bases in mRNA that specify an amino acid to be incorporated into a protein

• exon

• the sequence of bases that serve as the "language" of life

• differentiation

Match the following

• short DNA region, adjacent to the promoter of a prokaryotic operon

• operator

• chemical or physical agents in the environment that interact with DNA and may cause a mutation

• mutation

• sequence of DNA that is not involved in coding for a protein

• operon

• in prokaryotes, a group of adjacent genes that share a common operator and promoter

• mutagen

• change in the genetic material of a cell

• intron

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Match the following

• condition in which an organism has extra sets of chromosomes

• transcription

• synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template

• translation

• sequence of bases on an mRNA is converted into the sequence of amino acids of a protein

• polyploidy

• long chain of amino acids that make proteins

• polypeptide

• specific region of a gene where RNA polymerase can bind and begin transcription

• promoter

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

How does RNA differ from DNA?

• RNA contains uracil and deoxyribose

• RNA contains ribose and thymine

• RNA contains uracil and ribose

• RNA contains adenine and ribose

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

How would the DNA sequence GCTATA be transcribed to mRNA?

• GCUAUA

• CGATAT

• CGAUAU

• GCUTUT

In eukaryotes, functional messenger RNA molecules are made from

• exons spliced together after introns are removed

• introns spliced together after exons are removed

• exons sliced together with introns

• long pieces of RNA shortened by the Dicer enzymes

The number of codons in the genetic code is

• 3

• 4

• 20

• 64

A single-base mutation in a messenger RNA molecule could transcribe the DNA sequence CAGTAT into

• GTCATA

• GUCUA

• GTCUTU

• GUAAUA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

An expressed gene

• functions as a promoter

• is transcribed into RNA

• codes for just one amino acid

• is made of mRNA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

To turn on the lactose-digesting enzymes of E. coli, the lactose must first

• bind to the repressor

• bind to the DNA of the bacterium

• separate from the repressor

• initiate the synthesis of messenger RNA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1