Heat & Heat Movement

Ruth puts her spoon into a helping of fresh, hot, mashed potatoes as shown in the figure below. Which process takes place when the two objects come together?

• The thermal energy of both the mashed potatoes and the spoon increases as energy in the form of heat is transferred between them

• The temperature of the spoon increases, but its thermal energy does not change

• Energy in the form of heat is transferred from the warmer mashed potatoes to the cooler spoon

• The average temperature of the spoon does not change

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Jude warms a pure, solid substance. He graphs the changes in temperature over time as shown in the figure below. What is happening as he warms the substance?

• the molecules are moving more slowly

• the molecules are moving more rapidly

• the speed of the molecules is not changing

• the molecules speed up and then decrease their speed

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

On a hot summer day, the water in an outdoor swimming pool feels much warmer in the afternoon than in the morning.

How do the particles in the water change from the morning to the afternoon?

• they move slower

• they have less energy

• they get farther apart

• they move closer together

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Kenia places her cold drink on the roof of a hot car.

Which of the following correctly describes what happens next?

• the temperature of the drink increases as it sends cold into the hot metal of the car

• the temperature of the area under the drink decreases until it is the same temperature as the cold drink

• cold is transferred from the drink into the metal of the car, decreasing the temperature of the roof

• heat is transferred from the car into the drink, increasing the temperature of the drink

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

As energy in the form of heat is added to an ice cube, it begins to melt.

What causes melting?

• heat causes the molecules in the ice cube to expand and forces them apart

• heat removes the thermal energy from the ice cube and causes it to become liquid water

• the additional energy causes the bonds between hydrogen and oxygen in the ice cube to break

• the transfer of thermal energy to the cube causes its molecules to move faster

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Mrs. Munoz added a room-temperature copper (Cu) cube and an aluminum (Al) cube that she just removed from the freezer to a beaker of boiling water. She left the cubes in the water for three hours.  Which of the following describes a heat flow that took place during those three hours?

• from the aluminum cube to the beaker

• from the copper cube to the boiling water

• from the boiling water to the aluminum cube

• from the aluminum cube to the copper cube

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Inside a room, the air is often warmer near the ceiling than near the floor.  Which process accounts for this difference in temperature?

• convection

• conduction

• radiation

• insulation

A hot air balloon is able to float, because a flame warms up the air nearest to it. Then, the warm air rises while the cold air sinks. This process happens over and over again, which is why a hot air balloon can rise. This type of heat transfer is  

• conduction

• convection

• insulation

• radiation

As Keerthi holds a pan over a fire, the water begins to boil as shown in the figure below. The metal handle of the pan becomes very hot, causing an uncomfortable sensation in her hand. What process, indicated by the letter Y, was responsible for transferring energy to Keerthi's hand?

• radiation

• insulation

• conduction

• convection

Anthony twists his ankle playing soccer. The doctor advises him to rest and apply ice packs to the ankle to help with swelling and pain. However, the ice pack only stays very cold for a short while, as seen in the table. Anthony quickly gets another ice pack while his ankle is still cold from the first ice pack. Which statement best predicts what the student will observe with the second ice pack? 

• the second ice pack will stay cold longer than the first

• the second ice pack will become warmer more quickly than the first

• the second ice pack will change temperature similarly to the first

• the ice in the second ice pack will not melt

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5