SGS Endo (A)

Carbimazole takes 3-6 weeks to make the patient euthyroid

because

it has a long half-life.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

Carbimazole takes 3-6 weeks to make the patient euthyroid because it prevents new synthesis of thyroid hormones and does not affect the pre-synthesized stored pool of hormones.

Carbimazole is preferred over propylthiouracil (PTU)

because

it carries a lesser risk of relapse.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

Carbimazole and PTU both have the same risk of relapse

but carbimazole is preferred over PTU because carbimazole:

• is more potent inhibitor of TPO

has slower metabolism

has longer half-life

requires once daily doses

Lugol’s iodine provides faster relief of symptoms

because

it is a potent inhibitor of thyroid hormone synthesis.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

Lugol’s iodone prevents the release of pre-synthesized hormones from thyroid gland.

PTU is a preferred to carbimazole in thyroid storm

because

it inhibits peripheral conversion of T₄ to T₃.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Carbimazole is used during the initial few weeks after radioiodine administration

because

it potentiates the effect of the radioiodine.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

Carbimazole is used during initial few weeks after radioiodine administration because it takes up to 12 weeks before clinical benefits of radioiodine appear, and it takes 4-6 months for patient to become euthyroid.

Short-acting insulins are administered 20-30 minutes before each meal

because

they mimic basal insulin secretion.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

Short acting insulins are administered 20-30 minutes before each meal because they mimic postprandial (meal stimulated) insulin secretion.

Intermediate-acting insulin (e.g. NPH insulin) contains zinc or protamine 

to prevent insulin breakdown.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

Intermediate acting insulins contain zinc or protamine to delay insulin absorption from the injected site and extend the duration of action.

Insulin analogues have better advantages compared to human insulins

because

they have improved pharmacodynamics.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

Insulin analogues has less risk of hypoglycaemia vs human ones – dt shortened duration of action.

Insulin injection sites should be rotated / regularly changed

to avoid insulin resistance at the site of injection.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

It is rotated to avoid lipodystrophy (thus alteration in absorption from the site of injection)

Beta-blockers should be avoided in patients on insulin therapy

because they mask the symptoms of possible hypoglycaemia.

• TRUE

• FALSE