Approaches

To tell someone they have done well

• Model

• Praise

• Revise

• Prompt

To put new language into a situation that shows what it means

• Elicit

• Drill

• Revise

• Contextualise

Production skills

• Speaking

• Listening

• Writing

• Reading

Activity with a task and discussion of the task → activity to focus on language used in the task

• Guided discovery

• Grammar-translation method

• Lexical approach

• Task-based learning (TBL)

Grammar rule → students translate a text

• Skills-based lessons

• Task-based learning (TBL)

• Grammar-translation method

• Test-teach-test

Students find out information from others by asking questions or using questionnaires in order to practice speaking skills and/or specific language.

• JIgsaw-puzzle

• Visualization

• Survey

• Chant

Students work in pairs or groups talking together to find the solution to a problem.

• Warmer

• Jigsaw listening/reading

• Problem solving

• Chant

A text is divided into two or more different parts. Students listen to or read their part only, then share their information with other students so that in the end everyone knows all the information.

• Jigsaw listening/reading

• Jumbled text

• Brainstorming

• Prioritising

Students produce a text after a lot of preparation by the teacher. The teacher may give the students a plan to follow, or ideas for the language to use.

• Chant

• Guided writing

• Role-play

• Warmer

Activity for students to ‘notice’ words or chunks of language → discussion of the meaning of the chunks of language → activity to practise the language

• Lexical approach

• Guided discovery

• Task-based learning

• Total physical response