The Poor and the Environment: Friends or Foes?

Who is the Propoent of this study?

• Robin Board

• Robin Broad

• Michael Zhang

• Michael Yang

The following are factors that make Philippines an excellent hub for environmental case studies, except:

• Highly Politicized Civil Society

• Fragile and degraded ecosystems

• High Poverty Rates

• Weak Currency (Philippine Peso)

What organization stated this: "Poverty is one of the greatest threats to the environment."

• World Bank Environment Department

• United Nations (Human Development Report)

• The Ecologist

• World Commission on Environment and Development

What is the most important result of the case study done during 1988-1989 and 1991?

• Fragile tropical systems are in collapse.

• The corruption in inherently damaging the environment.

• The martial law era of the Philippines has been detrimental to the environment.

• The poor got poorer and depended more on natural resources.

The following are the conditions under which poor people become environmental activists, except:

• Shift of ideological perspective (ecosophy)

• Sense of Permanence

• Threat of environmental degradation

• Civil and political organizations promoting environmental activism

Once environmental degradation began to transform poor people who lived in a stable ecosystem into marginal people living in vulnerable and fragile ecosystems, they transfer to another place with natural resources.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

They acted.

Descendants of many generations of indigenous Aetas are knowned to be pocket-miners.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

They are Igorots of Benguet

Culture of Empowerment is highly embedded to Filipinos' sense of environmental activism.

• TRUE

• FALSE

The Martial Law Era of the Philippines greatly influenced the focus of environmental activists from focus on environmental concerns of the country to fighting brutal repression of their members.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Which of the following is an excellent juxtaposition of Ecosophy in Philippine Environmental Activism?

• The Poor vs. The Impoverished People

• The Filipino Values vs. The Filipino Needs

• The Filipino Values vs. Political Repression

• What most Filipinos believe about poor people vs. What most Filipinos do not potentially know about poor people

Answer explanation

All were valid arguments for juxtaposition. However, as what the case study mainly discussed, the poor become environmental activists if the three (3) conditions are met under the context of the correct answer.