Energy and Waves

A teacher describes the movement of a roller coaster to exemplify potential and kinetic

energy. Which statement describes the relationship between potential and kinetic energy that

is shown by a roller coaster?

• At the top of the hill, a roller coaster car has the least amount of potential energy.

• At the base of the hill, a roller coaster car has the maximum amount of potential energy.

• At the top of the hill, a roller coaster car has the least amount of kinetic energy.

• At the base of the hill, a roller coaster has the least amount of kinetic energy.

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Which of the following is NOT an example of energy be transferred by sound waves?

• Meat sizzling on a grill

• Heating a pizza in the oven

• A balloon popping

• A lightning strike producing thunder

Answer explanation

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Which type of natural disaster occurs when longitudinal waves transmit energy

through Earth's crust?

• Blizzard

• Earthquake

• Tornado

• Hurricane

Answer explanation

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

Which of the following best summarizes the energy transformation that takes place

during photosynthesis?

• Chemical energy --> Mechanical energy

• Mechanical energy --> Light energy

• Chemical energy --> Light energy

• Light energy --> Chemical energy

Answer explanation

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In a coal burning power plant, the boiler is where the coal is burned to heat water and make

steam. What energy transformations happen in the boiler?

• Chemical to mechanical to electrical

• Chemical to thermal to mechanical

• Thermal to mechanical to electrical

• Thermal to electrical to nuclear

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At which point on the rollercoaster would there be the most gravitational potential

energy?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Answer explanation

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

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Below you see data from a car driving over three hills. Where in the ride would you expect to

see kinetic energy turning into potential energy?

• At the top of the first hill

• Going down the first hill

• Going up the second hill

• That never happens in this picture

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Use this image and your knowledge of waves to answer the following question.

What type of waves are coming from the speakers of the music system?

• Longitudinal waves

• Transverse waves

• Seismic waves

• Radiant waves

Answer explanation

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NGSS.MS-PS4-1

The person supplies the energy to the rope by shaking it up and down. Which

direction does the energy travel along the wave?

• Energy only oscillates up and down, it does not move.

• Energy moves parallel to the shaking hand.

• Energy moves perpendicular to the shaking hand.

• Energy is not transmitted by the wave.

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NGSS.MS-PS4-1

The picture below shows a light bulb attached to a hand generator.

Turning the handle makes a current that causes the light bulb to glow. What are the

energy transformations that occur in this hand generator?

• Thermal --> mechanical --> light

• Thermal --> light --> electrical

• Mechanical --> electrical --> light

• Electrical --> mechanical --> light