BIO 30_Lec 7 Set A

study of the relationships between gene regulation and cell differentiation during development

• Developmental Genetics
• Epigenetics
• Quantitative Genetics
• Popilation Genetics

process of regulated growth that results from the interaction of the genome with the cytoplasm and the environment

• Development
• Determiantion
• changes in the genotype
• transition of primordial gametes to formal gametocytes

Development involves

• programmed sequence of phenotypic events typically irreversible
• Differentiation
• changes in the genotype
• transition of primordial gametes to formal gametocytes

Differentiation under development involves

• formation of different cell types, tissues and organs
• through specific regulation of gene expression
• the expression of cells’ specialized role
• through genome editing

Occurs as embryo grows and develops during embryogenesis

• Development
• Determiantion
• changes in the genotype
• transition of primordial gametes to formal gametocytes

a cell makes an irreversible commitment to follow a certain developmental path

• Development
• Determiantion
• changes in the genotype
• transition of primordial gametes to formal gametocytes

cytoplasmic effector substances that cause cells to become irreversibly commited to perform a specialized function

• Determinants
• Enzymatic Specializors
• Amyloplasts
• None of the above

Specialized cells are

• cells producing specialized proteins derived from luxury genes
• gene products are not needed for survival
• immature RBC - hemoglobin
• beta cells of pancreas - insulin
• gene products are essential for survival

Central question in developmental genetics

• How does one cellular genotype give rise to many different cellular phenotypes?
• How do cellular genotypes differ which give rise to many different cellular phenotypes?
• How does one cellular genotype give rise to one cellular phenotype alone?
• None of the above

Initial cytoplasmic environemnt...

• set by maternal genome
• triggers the "on and off" gene switch
• set by paternal genome
• induces all genes to turn on