1a,Overview of nanotechnology and its applications in dentistry

Q1. What is the size range of nanoparticles?

• a) Micrometer
• b) Millimeter
• c) Nanometer
• d) Centimeter

Q2. Which property allows nanoparticles to have high surface area-to-volume ratio?

• a) Optical property
• b) Magnetic property
• c) Thermal property
• d) Size property

Q3. Which of the following phenomena is observed at the nanoscale?

• a) Brownian motion
• b) Newton's laws of motion
• c) Gravity
• d) Electromagnetism

Q4. What is the term used for the tendency of nanoparticles to agglomerate?

• a) Dispersion
• b) Dispensability
• c) Aggregation
• d) Disintegration

Q5. Which property allows nanoparticles to exhibit different chemical and physical properties compared to bulk materials?

• a) Quantum confinement
• b) Elasticity
• c) Conductivity
• d) Viscosity

Q6. Which technique is commonly used to characterize nanoparticles in terms of size and shape?

• a) Atomic force microscopy
• b) X-ray diffraction
• c) Mass spectrometry
• d) Infrared spectroscopy

Q7. What is the primary force responsible for the adhesion of nanoparticles to dental surfaces?

• a) Gravitational force
• b) Magnetic force
• c) Electrostatic force
• d) Van der Waals force

Q8. Which nanoscale property is associated with the ability of nanoparticles to cross biological barriers?

• a) Photoluminescence
• b) Superparamagnetism
• c) Surface plasmon resonance
• d) Transcytosis

Q9. What is the term used for the unique behavior exhibited by materials at the nanoscale?

• a) Nanotoxicity
• b) Nanomanipulation
• c) Nanomechanics
• d) Nanoscale effects

Q10. Which nanoscale phenomenon enables nanoparticles to scatter light and produce vibrant colors?

• a) Photocatalysis
• b) Quantum tunneling
• c) Plasmonic resonance
• d) Surface roughness