Biology EOC Quiz 4

Which characteristic distinguishes a plant cell from an animal cell?

• the presence of a cell membrane

• the presence of a vacuole

• the presence of a nucleus

• the presence of a cell wall

Which of the following structures is not found in bacteria?

• ribosome

• cytoplasm

• cell membrane

• nuclear membrane

There are many different enzymes located in the cytoplasm of a single cell. How is a specific enzyme able to catalyze a specific reaction?

• Different enzymes are synthesized in specific areas of the cytoplasm

• Most enzymes can catalyze many different reactions

• An enzyme binds to a specific substrate (reactant) for the reaction catalyzed

• Enzymes are transported to specific substrates (reactants) by ribosomes

In the early 1900s, California citrus growers sprayed their trees with cyanide gas to kill scale insects. By 1914, some scale insects were surviving the spraying, and eventually the whole population showed resistance to cyanide. Which of the following statements best explains how resistance to cyanide spread in the scale insect population?

• Insects with a resistance gene survived the first cyanide sprayings and passed the gene to their offspring

• Insects without a resistance gene underwent mutation upon contact with the cyanide to acquire resistance

• Predators put greater selection pressure on insects with a resistance gene than on insects without a resistance gene

• Parasites infecting the insect population carried the trait from insects with a resistance gene to insects without a resistance gene.

Birds eat moths. Moths in a given area have been changing colors slowly over many years to match the color of the tree bark on which they are found. What is the most likely reason for this color change?

• it helps the moths fly faster than birds

• it makes the moths taste bad

• it makes it hard for the birds to see the moths

• it helps the moths to stay cooler

In which population would reproducing asexually be most advantageous?

• a population living in a changing environment

• a population too large for the available resources

• a population heavily hunted by many different types of predators

• a population living successfully in stable environmental conditions

Which of the following functions does active transport perform in a cell?

• packaging proteins for export from the cell

• distributing enzymes throughout the cytoplasm

• moving substances against a concentration gradient

• equalizing the concentration of water inside and outside the cell

Which of the following provides the most convincing evidence that two dierent animal species evolved from a common ancestor?

• they live in similar environments

• they have similar adult body shapes

• they have similar methods of locomotion

• they show similar features in embryonic development

Which of the following best describes how plants use the energy they receive from sunlight?

• they change water into heat

• the produce their own food

• they make minerals for their roots

• they break down nutrients into rocks

Individuals with HIV sometimes contract a pneumonia infection that is rare in the rest of the population because people with HIV

• are unable to fight off these pneumonia-causing organisms

• are more often exposed to these pneumonia-causing organisms

• release pheromones that attract the pneumonia-causing organisms

• release substances that increase the strength of the pneumonia-causing organisms