Marine Science Final Practice #1

1 The scientific method can best be described as:

• undertaking experiments in laboratories.

• using induction and deduction.

• collecting data in the field.

• following a set of procedures to learn about our world.

• observing animals in their natural habitat.

2 A control can be best defined as:

• a variable that is kept constant in an experiment.

• a hypothesis that regulates the results of an experiment.

• an experiment where the final results are known ahead of time.

• an experiment that is undertaken both in the field and in the laboratory.

• a variable that changes during the course of an experiment.

3. A marine biologist observes that mako sharks, sardines, and salmon leap out of the water. An example of induction from these observations is:

• Only some fishes can leap out of the water.

• All fishes leap out of the water.

• Fishes leap out of the water to escape from predators.

• Flatfishes can leap out of the water because they live on the bottom.

• Leaping out of the water is often used in feeding.

4 When can a hypothesis be accepted as absolutely 100% true?

• after one experiment or observation

• after ten experiments or observations

• after twenty experiments of observations

• after numerous experiments or observations over many years

• never

5. How much of Earth's oxygen is generated by marine organisms?

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 90%

• 95%

6 Choose the best hypothesis below.

• There are mermaids in the ocean.

• All whales have gills.

• Marine mammals are very cool.

• Dolphins are cuter than otters.

• Some fish can echolocate.

7 Which of the following is true about scientific theories?

• Scientific theories are always true

• Scientific theories can be proven

• Scientific theories are just controversial guesses

• Scientific theories can be overturned by new discoveries

• Scientific theories should never be questioned

8 How much of the Earth's surface is covered by the world oceans?

• 80%

• 71%

• 65%

• Option 4

• 78%

9 The Big Bang was:

• the origin of Earth's magnetic field.

• the beginning of plate tectonics and continental drift.

• the origin of the oceans as water condensed on Earth.

• the giant cosmic explosion that occurred 13.7 billion years ago and created the universe.

• the process of bacteria generating oxygen for Earth's atmosphere.

10 Which of the following is not true of oceanic crust?

• It is thinner than continental crust.

• It is denser than continental crust.

• It is geologically younger in most places than continental crust.

• It lies below sea level.

• It consists mostly of granite.