Quiz about Semester 2 Biology Final

Question 1

Which phrase best describes an exothermic chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

releases more energy than it absorbs

Answer

does not absorb any energy

Answer

forms products with higher bond energy than reactants

Question 2

Chemical reactions that absorb more energy than they release are called

Accepted Answer

C. endothermic

Answer

A. exothermic

Answer

B. catalyzed

Question 3

The activation energy needed for a chemical reaction is decreased by a

Accepted Answer

A. catalyst

Answer

B. reactant

Answer

C. product

Question 4

If the activation energy of a biochemical reaction is lowered, then

Accepted Answer

A. the reaction will happen faster

Answer

B. the reaction will happen more slowly

Answer

C. this will not affect the rate of the reaction

Question 5

Which macromolecule is an enzyme?

Accepted Answer

C. Protein

Answer

A. Carbohydrate

Answer

B. Lipid

Question 6

The molecule that an enzyme binds to is known as its

Accepted Answer

A. substrate

Answer

B. monomer

Answer

C. polymer

Question 7

The energy required to get a reaction started is known as the:

Accepted Answer

B. Activation Energy

Answer

A. Exothermic Ability

Answer

C. Reactant

Question 8

An enzyme that has lost its shape and can no longer function properly is said to be:

Accepted Answer

Denatured

Answer

B. Activated

Question 9

In the enzyme activity lab, students had tennis balls taped into their hands to represent a competitive inhibitor. What is the impact of a competitive inhibitor on a reaction?

Accepted Answer

slows it down

Answer

Speeds it up

Answer

no impact

Question 10

In the graph to the left, an increase in temperature results in

Accepted Answer

B. an increase in reaction rate.

Answer

A. a decrease in the required activation energy.

Question 11

Which macromolecule found in the food you eat will your cells break down first to get ATP?

Accepted Answer

A. Carbohydrates

Answer

B. Lipids

Answer

C. Proteins

Question 12

Which phrase best describes the function of the ATP molecule?

Accepted Answer

stores energy

Answer

creates energy

Question 13

Energy is released from an ATP molecule for cellular processes when it

Accepted Answer

C. loses a phosphate group.

Answer

A. converts a phosphate group to ADP

Answer

B. attaches an extra phosphate group.

Question 14

Where does your body get the energy for reattaching a third phosphate to ADP, creating ATP?

Accepted Answer

C. from breaking ATP

Answer

A. usually from carbs

Answer

B. from nucleic acids

Question 15

All of the following parts make up an ADP molecule EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

C. structure D

Answer

A. structure B

Answer

B. structure C

Question 16

Which structures pictured would make up an ATP molecule?

only

Accepted Answer

C. A, B, C, and D

Answer

A. A and B

Answer

B. A, B and C

Question 17

Between which two letters will the bond break to release energy?

Accepted Answer

C. C, and D

Answer

A. A and B

Answer

B. B and C

Question 18

The sugar that is found in ATP is:

Accepted Answer

C. Ribose

Answer

A. Splenda

Answer

B. sucrose

Question 19

Photosynthesis takes in energy from the sun to create glucose. This reaction that absorbs energy is considered to be:

Accepted Answer

Endothermic

Answer

Activated

Question 20

Cellular Respiration breaks the bonds in food to release energy which is stored in ATP. This reaction, which releases energy is considered to be:

Accepted Answer

C. Exothermic

Answer

A. Activated

Answer

B. Endothermic

Question 21

The nitrogen base found in ATP and ADP is:

Accepted Answer

C. Adenine

Answer

A. Thymine

Answer

B. Cytosine

Question 22

The energy you can use in the food that you eat is stored in its:

Accepted Answer

A. Chemical Bonds

Answer

B. Heat

Answer

C. DNA

Question 23

Organisms that use energy from the sun to make their own food are called.

Accepted Answer

D. producers.

Answer

A. carnivores

Answer

B. consumers

Answer

C. omnivores

Question 24

The figure to the left shows a trophic pyramid for an ecosystem. What happens to the amount of energy in the pyramid as it moves up through the different levels?

Accepted Answer

B. Energy decreases by 90% each level

Answer

A. Energy increases by 10% each level

Question 25

In food chains, the flow of energy is ALWAYS _________.

Accepted Answer

A. one-way

Answer

B. reversible

Answer

C. two-way

Question 26

All energy on earth comes from the:

Accepted Answer

C. Sun

Answer

A. Core of the Earth

Answer

B. Wind

Question 27

ALL organisms that get their energy from living or once-living organisms are known as:

Accepted Answer

B. consumers

Answer

A. carnivores

Answer

C. producers

Question 28

Which of the following would be considered an autotroph?

Accepted Answer

B. corn plant

Answer

A. Bear

Question 29

A buzzard lives off dead and decaying matter. Which of the following best describes a buzzard?

Accepted Answer

C. Detrivore

Answer

A. Carnivore

Answer

B. Omnivore

Question 30

A coyote is an opportunist that will eat anything it can find: mice, bugs, fruit, berries, etc. Which of the following best describes a coyote?

Accepted Answer

B. Omnivore

Answer

A. Carnivore

Answer

C. Herbivore

Answer

D. Detrivore

Question 31

Which of the following would be considered a primary consumer?

Accepted Answer

D. Oak tree

Answer

A. Bear

Answer

B. Shark

Answer

C. Grass Hopper

Question 32

The purpose of photosynthesis is to

Accepted Answer

C. store solar energy as sugar.

Answer

A. make ATP for humans

Answer

B. build proteins in plants

Question 33

In which organelle does photosynthesis occur?

Accepted Answer

B. Chloroplast

Answer

A. Mitochondria

Question 34

After photosynthesis is finished inside of a plant, six molecules of oxygen have been produced, as well as a single molecule of C6H12O6, otherwise known as

Accepted Answer

C. glucose.

Answer

A. carbon dioxide.

Answer

B. water

Question 35

Photosynthesis occurs in two stages: light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions. During the light-dependent reactions,

Accepted Answer

A. water molecules are split by sunlight.

Answer

B. a molecule of sugar

Answer

C. glucose is made

Question 36

During photosynthesis, different gases move in and out of plant cells. Which phrase best represents the net flow of gases involved in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A. Carbon dioxide moves in; oxygen moves out

Answer

B. Oxygen moves in; carbon dioxide moves out

Question 37

Why is the presence of chlorophyll in plants important?

Accepted Answer

D. It absorbs the solar energy needed to create the sugar.

Answer

A. It assembles the sugar.

Answer

B. It creates ATP to power the process.

Answer

C. It captures water to be used in the process .

Question 38

Which process can produce the most energy for a cell?

Accepted Answer

B. Aerobic respiration

Answer

A. Lactic acid fermentation

Answer

C. Anaerobic respiration

Question 39

At the beginning of cellular respiration ____________________________ occurs, where glucose is broken down into pyruvate and ATP. This step does not require any oxygen.

Accepted Answer

A. Glycolysis

Answer

B. Krebs/Citric acid cycle

Answer

C. Electron Transport Chain

Question 40

Which process takes place in the inner membrane of mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

B. Electron Transport Chain

Answer

A. Krebs Cycle

Answer

C. Citric acid Cycle

Question 41

Energy from food must be transformed into the bonds of _________ before it can be used by cells.

Accepted Answer

A. ATP

Answer

B. NADP

Question 42

In humans, where does DNA replication take place?

Accepted Answer

B. Nucleus

Answer

A. Cytoplasm

Question 43

A scientist is doing an experiment to identify different molecules. Some components of these molecules are listed in this table. Which of the four molecules is DNA, based on the table to the right?

Accepted Answer

C. Molecule 3

Answer

A. Molecule 1

Answer

B. Molecule 2

Answer

D. Molecule 4

Question 44

Use the diagram to the right AND your knowledge of biology to answer this question. Structures 3 and 4 are held together by

Accepted Answer

A. weak peptide bonds

Answer

B. strong hydrogen bonds.

Answer

C. weak hydrogen bonds.

Question 45

In nucleotides, the letters A, G, C, and T represent

Accepted Answer

C. nitrogen bases.

Answer

A. phosphate groups.

Answer

B. deoxyribose sugars.

Question 46

Which of the following nucleic acids contains thymine?

Accepted Answer

DNA only

Answer

transfer RNA only

Answer

Messenger RNA only

Answer

all of the above

Question 47

DNA is a polymer made of many monomers known as:

Accepted Answer

Nucleotides

Answer

Peptides

Answer

Amino acids

Answer

Phosphates

Question 48

The mRNA which is copying the code directly from DNA is represented by which number .

Accepted Answer

A. 1

Answer

B. 2

Question 49

What is the molecule produced by the process shown above?

Accepted Answer

B. A protein

Answer

A. Glucose

Question 50

Structure number 2 represents a .

Accepted Answer

A. tRNA

Answer

B. mRNA

Question 51

The bond between amino acids which is represented by number 5 is a ____ bond.

Accepted Answer

B. peptide

Answer

A. covalent

Question 52

Amino Acids link together to form:

Accepted Answer

C. Protein

Answer

A. Carbohydrates

Answer

B. DNA

Question 53

If a portion of a messenger RNA molecule contains the base sequence A-A-U, then the corresponding anti-codon on the tRNA base sequence is .

Accepted Answer

C. U-U-A

Answer

A. G-G-T

Answer

B. T-T-A

Question 54

The sequence of ________________ in a DNA molecule determines the protein that will be produced.

Accepted Answer

B. nucleotides

Answer

A. lipids

Question 55

How many amino acids are coded for by the strand of mRNA shown here? Assume the reading frame begins with the first nucleotide.

A U G U A C

Accepted Answer

B. 2

Answer

A. 1

Question 56

Which statement below BEST summarizes the role of DNA in cells?

Accepted Answer

C. It provides the instructions for making proteins.

Answer

A. It guides cell division.

Answer

B. It protects cells from infection.

Question 57

A Chromosome...

Accepted Answer

Is a portion of DNA that is condensed and rod-like.

Answer

Is a subunit that makes up nucleic acids

Answer

Is a subunit that makes up protein

Answer

Is a portion of a chromosome that codes for a single protein

Question 58

A gene...

Accepted Answer

Is a portion of a chromosome that codes for a single protein

Answer

Is a subunit that makes up nucleic acids

Answer

Is a subunit that makes up protein

Answer

Is a portion of DNA that is condensed and rod-like.

Question 59

A nucleotide...

Accepted Answer

Is a subunit that makes up nucleic acids

Answer

Is a subunit that makes up protein

Answer

Is a portion of a chromosome that codes for a single protein

Answer

Is a portion of DNA that is condensed and rod-like.

Question 60

A codon...

Accepted Answer

Is a set of 3 nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid

Answer

Is a subunit that makes up nucleic acids

Answer

Is a subunit that makes up protein

Answer

Is a portion of DNA that is condensed and rod-like.

Question 61

An amino acid...

Accepted Answer

Is a subunit that makes up protein

Answer

Is a subunit that makes up nucleic acids

Answer

Is a portion of a chromosome that codes for a single protein

Answer

Is a portion of DNA that is condensed and rod-like.

Question 62

The form of a gene that is always expressed if present is the form.

Accepted Answer

B. dominant

Answer

A. recessive

Question 63

Two heterozygous purple-flowering pea plants are crossed. (Pp x Pp ) If purple is dominant over white, what are the expected phenotypic results? Use a punnett square to prove your answer.

Accepted Answer

B. 75% purple; 25% white.

Answer

A. 100% purple.

Answer

C. 50% purple, 50% white.

Question 64

If an organism inherits one dominant allele and one recessive allele for eye color, their genotype would be:

Accepted Answer

C. heterozygous

Answer

A. haploid

Answer

B. homozygous

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