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There have been 9 different alleles for MC1R identified among 6 different ethnic populations. How many alleles can an individual have for MC1R?

• 9

• 6

• 2

• 1

When you cross two, TRUE-BREEDING parents, what is the expected mendelian ratio for a DIHYBRID cross?

• 1; phenotypic = genotypic

• 3:1 phenotypic

• 9:3:3:1 phenotypic

• 2:1 phenotypic

After crossing two, true-breeding parents, all offspring are heterozygous for both traits (F1 generation). What will be the expected mendelian ratio of offspring from a cross between two F1 individuals?

• 9:3:3:1 phenotypic

• 3:1 phenotypic

• 2:1:1 phenotypic

• 1:3:2:1 phenotypic

The agouti allele is represented by "a". The agouti allele is a lethal allele. What is the expected genotypic ratio of a cross between Aa x Aa parents?

• 1:3 genotypic ratio

• 1:2:1 genotypic ratio

• 1:2 genotypic ratio

• 1 (all same genotype)

The genotype for an individual at 4 loci is AA bb Cc Dd, how many combinations of gametes are possible?

• 8

• 4

• 6

• 16

Where can you find the DNA sequence for desmin, a protein found within the heart?

• in cardiac cells

• in the brain

• in all cells

• in blood cells

Where can you find mRNA for desmin, a protein found within the heart?

• brain cells

• cardiac cells

• all cells

• blood cells

Through an initial mutation followed by selection, an isolated population of humans developed the ability to express the lactase gene into adulthood.  As a result, people in this population were able to drink milk from domestic animals through adulthood.  This helped the adults  survive during times of famine and drought.   

The original mutation that resulted in the ability to express the lactase gene into adulthood (and therefore digest milk lactose)

• occured by chance

• likely resulted in a change preventing the epigenetic silencing of the lactase genes in aduts

• increased expression of lactase in all cells of the body

• occurred because the people needed to drink milk to survive during a drought

• arose in many members of the population at the same time

Lactase persistence is a dominant trait.  The lactase persistence allele enables adults to digest lactose. 

In all populations, the lactase persistence allele is in higher frequency than the recessive allele because the lactase persistence allele is dominant.  

• true

• false

The process in which two distinct populations evolve a similar characteristic (such as lactase persistence) independently of one another due to similar selective pressures and environmental challenges is known as

• divergent evolution

• natural selection

• convergent evolution

• gene flow