Corso JONES

The maximum rate of O2uptake (VO2max) assesses the integrated functioning of the pulmonary, cardiovascular, and muscle systems to:

• Uptake O2 (diffusive O2 transport at the lung and muscle microvasculature)

• Transport O2 (conductive O2 transport)

• Utilize O2 predominantly in the contracting muscle mitochondria

• All options (combination of A, B, and C) are correct

Tags

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The foundational premise of VO2max, dating back at least to the 1920s, argues that:

• There exists a speed of locomotion or rate of work above which VO2 fails to increase further

• There exists a speed of locomotion or rate of work below which VO2 fails to increase further

• There is not exist a speed of locomotion or rate of work below which VO2 fails to increase further

• All options (combination of A, B, and C) are correct

The development of rapid-response gas analyzers, enabling measurement of breath-by-breath pulmonary gas exchange, has facilitated

• The advent of modern discontinuous progressive maximal exercise tests, which are laborious but not time-consuming

• The replacement of the discontinuous progressive maximal exercise test with the rapidly incremented or ramp testing protocol

• The replacement of rapidly incremented or ramp testing protocol with the discontinuous progressive maximal exercise test

• All options (combination of A, B, and C) are correct

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The maximal incremental or ramp testing protocol is suitable for clinical and experimental investigations but does not enable the measurement of:

• The gas exchange threshold (i.e., GET)

• The exercise efficiency

• The VO2 kinetics

• The critical power/velocity

The maximal incremental or ramp testing protocol often fails to produce a discernible VO2 plateau or leveling off even when the actual VO2max is, in fact, achieved. This situation is particularly accentuated in:

• Moderately-trained athletes

• Highly-trained athletes

• Extremely unfit subjects

• All options (combination of A, B, and C) are correct

A V̇o2-work rate plateau is not an obligatory outcome in a rapidly incremented or ramp testing protocol. The so-called secondary criteria, therefore, emerged and involved:

• The respiratory exchange ratio

• The maximal heart rate

• The maximal power output

• All options (combination of A, B, and C) are correct

The inclusion of a short constant test completed at a higher work rate than that achieved during a previous ramp test is important to:

• Enable the verification of the VO2 max

• Determine the maximal power output

• Estimate maximal heart rate

• All options (combination of A, B, and C) are correct

The anaerobic threshold (AT) is a widely recognized concept in exercise physiology indicated by:

• An increased blood lactate concentration during a progressive exercise test combined with an excess pulmonary carbon dioxide output (VCO2) and muscle anoxia (insufficient O2)

• An increased blood lactate concentration during a progressive exercise test combined with an excess pulmonary carbon dioxide output (VCO2) but without the presence of muscle anoxia

• An increased blood lactate concentration during a progressive exercise test combined with a decreased lactate release and uptake

• All options (combination of A, B, and C) are correct

Tags

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A. V. Hill (1886-1977) first coined the term "maximal oxygen uptake" and postulated that :

• There is an upper limit to oxygen uptake

• There are limited interindividual differences in V̇O2max

• A high V̇O2max is not a prerequisite for success in middle- and long-distance running

• All options (combination of A, B, and C) are correct

The "threshold" concepts in exercise science are important to:

• Predict athletic performance

• Monitor training progress

• Assess therapeutic efficacy

• All options (combination of A, B, and C) are correct