Tatalaksana Retinopati Diabetik

1. Below are the characteristic of severe DME

• retinal thickening

• hard exudate

• involving the centre of macula

• all true

Characteristics of focal CSME, except :

• Microaneurism

• FFA reveals focal leakage with adequate macular perfussion

• Macular edema

• Diffuse retinal edema and thickening throughout posterior pole

When is the right time for early detection of diabetic retinopathy on type 2 DM?

• 2 years after diagnosed

• 3 months after diagnosed

• At time of diagnosis

• 5 years after diagnosed

Which one is true about follow up severe NPDR with center-involved DME

• Every month

• 2-4 months

• 3-4 months

• 6 months

Below is mechanism of Bevacizumab as Anti-VEGF agent

• Competitively binds to the VEGF-A165 isoform at the heparin binding site

• Binds to the receptor binding site for all isoforms of VEGF-A

• Neutralizes all forms of VEGF-A

• Soluble docoy receptor with high affinity for binding to VEGF molecules VEGF-A and PIGF

Indications of vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy, except

• Nonclearing vitreous hemorrhage

• Tractional retinal detachment not threatening the macula

• Combined rhegmatogenous and tractional retinal detachment

• Dense pre-macular subhyaloid hemorrhage

Indication of steroid use on DME

• -phakic

• -recurrent

• -vitrectomized eye

• -all true

The modality options for managing DME with good vision in protocol V are:

• a. focal lasers

• b. aflibercept

• c. observation

• d. not all three

Indication of steroid use on DME

• -phakic

• -recurrent

• -vitrectomized eye

• -all true

Diagnostic modalities of diabetic retinopathy

• a. retinometer

• b. fundoscopy

• c. OCT

• d. FFA