Unit 6 Review

Which of the following is true about the central dogma of molecular biology?

• The sequence of DNA determines the structure of lipids, which directs the characteristics of organisms
• The sequence of DNA determines the structure of proteins, which directs the characteristics of organisms
• The sequence of DNA determines the structure of phosphates, which directs the characteristics of organisms
• The sequence of DNA determines the structure of carbohydrates, which directs the characteristics of organisms

On an operon, what is the name of the stretch of DNA where RNA polymerase binds?

• promoter
• operator
• enhancer
• regulatory gene

Operons are found in the cells of which of the following types of organisms?

• prokaryotes
• eukaryotes
• both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
• viruses

Select two answers that best completes the sentence. In the lac operon, when lactose is present...

• The repessor protein binds to the operator
• The repressor protein does not bind to the operator
• Transcription occurs
• Transcription does not occur

Where do mRNA strands come from?

• The RNA strand forms from the rearrangement of the bases in DNA
• The RNA strand is a fragment of DNA that broke off and is no longer part of the genetic code
• The RNA is made from DNA is a process called transcription
• The RNA is made from DNA in a process called translation

What type of mutation is shown below? Original mRNA: AUG CUU AGG Mutated mRNA: AUG CUG AGG

• Silent Mutation
• Missense Mutation
• Nonsense Mutation

Which of the following could be a DNA sequence that codes for tyrosine?

• UAU
• TAT
• AUA
• ATA

If adenine is on one strand of DNA, then ________ must be on the other

• guanine
• cytosine
• thymine
• uracil

If adenine is on the strand of mRNA, then ________ must be on the tRNA

• guanine
• cytosine
• thymine
• uracil

What is the importance of codons during protein synthesis?

• Codons tell the RNA how often it needs to be translated
• Codons regulate when DNA gets transcribed in the nucleus
• Codons code for the particular amino acids that get assembled
• Codons alert the cell when it is time to produce additional ribosomes