Algorithms

Which aspect of an algorithm determines the data type it will take?

• Structure of the data

• Validation

• Number of arguments

• Data types

Answer explanation

The data type determines the type of data that the algorithm will take as input. It specifies the format and nature of the data, such as integers, strings, or booleans, which helps in defining how the data will be processed.

What does the structure of the data refer to in an algorithm?

• How the data is validated

• The number of arguments from the inputs

• The format or arrangement of the data

• The source of the inputs

Answer explanation

The structure of the data in an algorithm refers to the format or arrangement of the input and output data. It defines how the data is organized, such as whether it is a single value, a list, a table, or a more complex data structure. The structure affects how the algorithm processes and manipulates the data.

What is sequence in programming?

• A set of instructions that are executed based on a condition

• A construct used to repeat instructions multiple times

• The execution of instructions in a sequential order

• A marker used to indicate the termination of loops or input

Answer explanation

Sequence refers to the execution of instructions in a sequential order, one after another. It is the most basic construct used to perform a series of actions or operations.

Which programming construct allows the program to choose between different paths of execution based on the evaluation of a condition?

• Sequence

• Repetition

• Selection

• Count

Answer explanation

Selection involves making decisions based on certain conditions. It allows the program to choose between different paths of execution based on the evaluation of a condition. Common selection constructs are if-else statements and switch statements.

What is repetition in programming?

• A set of instructions that are executed based on a condition

• The execution of instructions in a sequential order

• A construct used to repeat instructions multiple times

• A marker used to indicate the termination of loops or input

Answer explanation

Repetition, also known as iteration or looping, allows a set of instructions to be repeated multiple times based on a condition. It enables the execution of a block of code repeatedly until a specified condition is met. Common repetition constructs include while loops, for loops, and do-while loops.

What are counts used for in programming?

• To execute instructions in a sequential order

• To repeat instructions multiple times

• To keep track of the number of iterations or occurrences of certain events

• To disrupt the normal execution of a program

Answer explanation

Counts are used in algorithms and programs to keep track of the number of iterations or occurrences of certain events. They can be used to control the flow of execution, terminate loops when a specific count is reached, or calculate statistics based on the count of elements.

What are rogue values in programming?

• A set of instructions that are executed based on a condition

• Invalid data values that can disrupt the normal execution of a program

• A construct used to repeat instructions multiple times

• A marker used to indicate the termination of loops or input

Answer explanation

Rogue values are unexpected or invalid data values that can disrupt the normal execution of a program. They are often used as sentinel values or markers to indicate the termination of loops or the end of input.

Have you practiced flowcharts?

• Yes

• No

• -

• -

Answer explanation

Practice flowcharts for the exam.

Have you practiced pseudocode?

• Yes

• No

• -

• -

Answer explanation

Practice pseudocode for the exams. You should be able to read, identify, explain and correct pseudocode.