Nervous System Review

The peripheral nervous system includes:

• brain

• spinal cord

• nerves

The central nervous system includes:

• brain

• spinal cord

• nerves

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-2

What are the two main types of cells in the nervous system?

• Sensory neurons and interneurons

• Neurons and glial cells

• Schwann Cells and oligodendrocytes

• Dendrites and axons

What is the MAIN function of neurons?

• To support and protect other neurons

• To transmit signals throughout the nervous system

• To produce myelin

• To support and protect the glial cells

What do glial cells do?

• Transmit signals throughout the nervous system

• Support and protect neurons

• Impair synapses

• Receive signals from sensory receptors

What do dendrites do?

• Transmit signals away from the soma (cell body)

• Insulate axons to speed up signal transfer

• Receive signals from other neurons or sensory receptors

• Support glial cell growth

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

What does the axon of a neuron do?

• Transmits signals away from the cell body

• Receives signals directly from other neurons

• Insulates the dendrites

• Protects glial cells

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

What does myelin do?

• Insulates axons to speed up signal transmission

• Insulates dendrites to reduce signal reception

• Connects the axon from one neuron to a dendrite of another neuron

• Protects the axon from glial cells

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

What is a synapse?

• The cell body

• An electrical signal that travels along the axon

• A junction between two neurons

• The location of the nucleus

What is the soma of a neuron?

• The cell body

• The location of the nucleus

• The part that receives the signal

• The part that transmits the signal