Semester Final Review

Which of the following best describes sociology?

• Its major focus is on individual differences
• Its major focus is the intelligence of individuals
• It focuses on people at a group level
• It has little interest in group behavior

Which key concept of sociology emphasizes language, norms, values, and beliefs?

• Social action
• Integration
• Power
• Culture

_________________ emphasize that people can communicate because they share words, gestures, and physical objects that have similar meanings to all of them.

• Symbolic interactionists
• Functionalists
• Conflict theorists
• Positivists

Which of the following emphasizes the contributions of each part of society and how these parts work together to create a unified whole?

• Symbolic interactionism
• Functionalism
• Conflict Theory
• Positivism

The distribution of power is most important in which of the following theoretical perspectives?

• Symbolic interactionism
• Functionalism
• Conflict Theory
• Positivism

____________________ is an element of culture.

• Instincts
• Values
• Reflexes
• Genetics

Which of the following are examples of formal sanctions?

• Imprisonment, low grades, official awards
• Ridicule, gossip, smiles
• Criticism, fines, imprisonment: intended to stop socially unacceptable behavior
• Awards, increase in allowance, promotions, smiles of approval: All encourage conformity

Which of the following are examples of informal sanctions?

• Imprisonment, low grades, official awards
• Ridicule, gossip, smiles
• Criticism, fines, imprisonment: intended to stop socially unacceptable behavior
• Awards, increase in allowance, promotions, smiles of approval: All encourage conformity

Which of the following are examples of negative sanctions?

• Imprisonment, low grades, official awards
• Ridicule, gossip, smiles
• Criticism, fines, imprisonment: intended to stop socially unacceptable behavior
• Awards, increase in allowance, promotions, smiles of approval: All encourage conformity

Which of the following are examples of positive sanctions?

• Imprisonment, low grades, official awards
• Ridicule, gossip, smiles
• Criticism, fines, imprisonment: intended to stop socially unacceptable behavior
• Awards, increase in allowance, promotions, smiles of approval: All encourage conformity