OST 8th Grade Science Library

A car and two buses are driving on a highway. The blue arrows represent the direction and magnitude of each vehicle's motion relative the the ground. Select the answer that correctly shows the relative direction and magnitude of each vehicle's motion from the reference point of the car.

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Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

A geologist is investigating the history of an area that has experienced various geological events, including sedimentation, erosion, tectonic deformation, and volcanic eruptions. The diagram shows the cross section produced from her study. Which answer correctly explains how the geologist knows the relative age of the intrusion compared with that of the gravel.

• Because the intrusion is an igneous formation and the gravel is a sedimentary formation there is no way know which one is older.

• Igneous rock is always younger then sedimentary rock.

• The gravel is older because it is on top.

• The gravel is younger because it is on top and the intrusion does not cut through it.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

A geologist is investigating the history of an area that has experienced various geological events, including sedimentation, erosion, tectonic deformation, and volcanic eruptions. The diagram shows the cross section produced from her study. Which statement correctly explains how the geologist knows that the flow is older than the intrusion.

• Because both the flow and the intrusion are igneous formations it is impossible to tell which one is older.

• Because the flow has been bent by plate movement and the intrusion has not means flow is older because the flow was formed before the plate movement and the intrusion after the plate movement.

• They are the same age because they both start at the bottom of the cross section.

• The flow is older because it stays lower in the cross section and the intrusion starts low and goes higher.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

Several fish species became extinct millions of years ago. The graphs show the distribution of fossils of these fishes as they occur in several undisturbed layers of sedimentary rock observable in a cliff face. Which inference can be made about the fish species extinction in figure number 1?

• The steep straight line slope shows a rapid decline in the population of the fish species indicating a rapid change in the environment.

• The steep straight line slope shows a gradual change in the declining population of the fish species indicating the environment changed slowly over time.

• A steep increase in the population of the species cause the resources of the environment to be used up and cause a crash in the population and eventual extinction.

• It is not possible to make an inference about the extinction of the species based on the information in figure number 1.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

Several fish species became extinct millions of years ago. The graphs show the distribution of fossils of these fishes as they occur in several undisturbed layers of sedimentary rock observable in a cliff face. Which inference can be made about the fish species extinction in figure number 2?

• The gradual decreasing slope of the line shows a rapid decline in the population of the fish species indicating a rapid change in the environment.

• The gradual decreasing slope of the line shows a gradual change in the declining population of the fish species indicating the environment changed slowly over time.

• A steep increase in the population of the species cause the resources of the environment to be used up and cause a crash in the population and eventual extinction.

• It is not possible to make an inference about the extinction of the species based on the information in figure number 2.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

What are two sources of thermal energy in the Earth's interior?

• solar heating and gravity

• combustion and solar heating

• gravity and radioactive decay

• radioactive decay and combustion

A person is standing in the middle of a boxcar on a train moving 100 km per hour. If the motion of the boxcar remains constant, where in the boxcar will the person most likely land after he jumps straight up?

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Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

One bar magnet sits on a table, and a rubber band suspends another magnet above it. In the view on the left, the upper magnet is held in place and cannot move. In the view on the right, the upper magnet has been released. How did the potential energy change when the upper magnet was released?

• Magnetic, elastic and gravitational potential energy increased.

• Magnetic, elastic and gravitational potential energy decreased.

• Magnetic and elastic potential energy increased, and gravitational potential energy decreased.

• Magnetic and gravitational potential energy decreased, and elastic potential energy increased.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

An engineer is collecting data on four different satellites orbiting Earth. The engineer records the satellites' distances from Earth in kilometers (km) and their forces due to gravity in Newtons (N). Estimate the force due to gravity for satellite number 2.

• equal to 17,000 Newtons

• greater than 17,000 Newtons

• less than 17,000 Newtons

An engineer is collecting data on four different satellites orbiting Earth. The engineer records the satellites' distances from Earth in kilometers (km) and their forces due to gravity in Newtons (N). Estimate the distance in kilometers (km) for satellite number 3.

• equal to 7,000 kilometers

• greater than 7,000 kilometers

• less than 7,000 kilometers

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

NGSS.MS-PS2-5