Features of Science in Psychology

What is referred to as a proposed explanation for something e,g. a cause human behaviour

• A theory

• The empirical method

• A paradigm

Which of the following approaches use the empirical method?

• The psychodynamic approach

• The Humanistic approach

• The behaviourist approach

A __________ refers to a set of shared assumptions/beliefs about how behaviour/thought should be studied and explained.

• Paradigm

• Paradigm shift

• Lab exp

• Theory

Pick 2 = A ............... occurs when members of a scientific community change from one way of explaining/studying behaviour/thought to a new way.

• Paradigm

• Paradigm shift

• Scientific revolution

• Theory

Match the following

• An agreed set of assumptions and methods that all scientists use to direct their research.

• Objective

• Can re do to check if reliable/consistent

• Empirical

• Prediction

• Hypothesis

• Hard evidence

• Paradigm

• Unbiased

• Replicable

3 reasons why psychodynamic theory is not scientific

• Empirical support so has hard evidence

• Not reliable as cannot replicate case studies

• Not objective as data analysed in subjective way

• No ability to falsify it

Pick 3 which are methodical well controlled lab experiments

• Milgram Electric shock study

• Little Albert creation of a phobia

• Research into family dysfunction as a cause of Sz

• Giving humans amphetamines to induce positive symptoms seen in Sz

To be objective means to be

• Biased

• Unbiased

• Subjective

3 ways to make research more objective

• Use blind procedures

• Collect interval data

• Use rating scales

• Have operational variables

• Use self report methods

A hypothesis is a what?

• Testable prediction

• An agreed set of assumptions

• A question to test