Final Exam Review 1

Which event was the catalyst for the secession of the first seven Southern states in 1861?

• passage of a higher protective tariff

• issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation

• the election of Abraham Lincoln as President

• the shipment of Union supplies to Fort Sumter

The excerpt below is from a letter by General Winfield Scott written in 1861. What was the main objective of the plan described in General Scott's letter?

• to attack and bring under control a few key Southern cities

• to disrupt Southern supply lines by controlling the railroad junctions in the South

• to sign treaties with Britain and France to prevent them from assisting the South

• to suffocate the South by controlling the Mississippi River and the Southern ports

Why did the Union impose a naval blockage on the South during the Civil War?

• to promote domestic industries in the South

• to strangle the shipment of supplies to the Confederacy

• to motivate enslaved African Americans to migrate to the North

• to encourage Union sympathizers to persuade their states to rejoin the Union

What was a significant impact of the Emancipation Proclamation?

• slaves in northern states were freed

• the war became a moral contest over slavery

• slaves in border states were immediately freed

• African Americans were admitted into the Confederate army

What were the major consequences of the Civil War?

• the end of slavery and a strengthening of the power of the federal government

• recognition of the rights of states to leave the Union and to nullify federal laws

• an end to racial discrimination and establishment of social equality throughout the nation

• the abolition of slavery in all Northern states and in all federal territories north of the 36th parallel

Which amendment guaranteed the "equal protection" of the laws to all American citizens?

• 1st Amendment

• 13th Amendment

• 14th Amendment

• 15th Amendment

What impact did Radical Republicans in Congress have on Reconstruction?

• they opposed the passage of the 14th Amendment

• they encouraged the freedmen to exercise their new political rights

• they persuaded President Johnson to pardon former Confederate leaders

• they prevented President Johnson from sending federal troops to the South

Which is the best contemporary definition of "scalawag"?

• a Northern abolitionist who supported the Freedmen's Bureau

• a Northerner who came to the South after the Civil War

• a white Southerner who supported Reconstruction

• a freedman entitled to vote

What was an important effect of the sharecropping system and debt peonage?

• Freedmen achieved social and political equality in the South

• Freedmen played an important role in local and state government

• Freedmen achieved economic independence from their former masters

• Freedmen often remained in a state of economic dependence on their former masters

The attached cartoon by Thomas Nast was published in 1874. What was the main message of this cartoon?

• Opponents of Reconstruction were using violence to intimidate the freedmen

• Different groups of Southerners were cooperating to rebuild the South after the war

• The KKK and other private associations in the South were assisting the freedmen

• the 14th Amendment protected the rights of freedmen despite the activities of the KKK