Speciation (H)

Speciation increases _, the variety of life on Earth.

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Speciation involves evolutionary _ (NOT conversions).

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In evolutionary branching events, new species are created from a single ancestral species. The ancestral species is the _ of the new species that are formed.

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Two organisms are of the same species if they can, first and foremost, _ with each other.

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Two organisms can breed and be of different species. Two organisms are of the same species if breeding produces offspring that is viable and _ (able to produce their own offspring).

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Direct evidence of speciation is when interbreeding to produce viable and fertile offspring is no longer possible. This is known as _ isolation.

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_ and sympatric are the two forms of speciation.

Allopatric speciation occurs when _ barriers (ex. land masses) create reproductive isolation between populations of the same species.

Geographic barriers can result in speciation when the separated populations are exposed to different _ in different environments. Natural selection results in reproductive isolation due to changes in mating times, courtship, genitalia, gametes, viability, or fertility.

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_ provides evidence that speciation/reproductive isolation can occur without geographic isolation. Populations can be exposed to different selective pressures within the same environment, resulting in changes in mating times, courtship, genitalia, gametes, viability, or fertility (due to natural selection).

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