PSY-102 QUIZ 4 V2023 MJH

When explaining other people’s behavior, the tendency to overemphasize personality traits and underestimate situation factors is referred to as

• cognitive dissonance.
• fundamental attribution error.
• ingroup/outgroup bias.
• self-fulfilling prophecy.

Gamiel and Aliyah go out to eat and Gamiel does not leave a tip for the waiter. If Aliyah explains his behavior by saying that he is cheap, she is making a(n) ________ attribution. If Aliyah explains his behavior by saying the service was terrible, she is making a ________ attribution.

• temporary; permanent
• personal; situational
• unstable; stable
• uncontrollable; controllable

Subtle forms of prejudice that coexist with the rejection of racist beliefs is called

• modern racism.
• discrimination.
• subtyping.
• stereotyping.

Negative feelings, opinions, and beliefs associated with a stereotype are known as

• discrimination.
• prejudice.
• the ingroup/outgroup bias.
• the fundamental attribution error.

Linda has a stereotype about how a car mechanic behaves. The main advantage of her belief is that it ________. The main disadvantage is that it ________.

• is a mental shortcut; can be changed too easily
• identifies critical information; is a mental shortcut
• is basically accurate; is not very detailed
• allows for rapid processing; can lead to errors

Selena thinks that all computer programmers are antisocial and boring. When she meets Mark, a computer programmer, she immediately decides that she does not like him. Selena’s beliefs are ________, and not liking Mark is ________.

• a stereotype; prejudice
• prejudice; a stereotype
• a self-fulfilling prophecy; prejudice
• a self-fulfilling prophecy; a stereotype

Mr. Powell, a white man who does not believe that racial discrimination is a problem in his community, feels most comfortable crossing the street to avoid a black man wearing a hooded sweatshirt. Mr. Powell is displaying

• subtyping.
• a minimal group paradigm.
• modern racism.
• ingroup favoritism.

Mandy has a stereotype that engineers are dull. When she meets Matt, an engineer who writes exciting stories, she will likely create a subtype that

• Matt is the exception to the rule about engineers.
• engineers can be interesting and creative.
• Matt has not always been an engineer.
• creativity should be measured differently in engineers.

Casey eats a lot of junk food. She knows the negative consequences of her diet, but rationalizes her behavior by saying the junk food helps her deal with her anxiety. Casey is using this explanation because she is uncomfortable with the inconsistency between her actions and her beliefs and wants to reduce

• implicit attitudes.
• simple attitudes.
• cognitive dissonance.
• attitude accessibility.

When Milgram modified his shock experiment so that the teacher could see the learner, the level of obedience

• increased greatly.
• increased slightly.
• decreased.
• remained unchanged.