Biotechnology Test

Which process produces only identical offspring?

• meiotic cell division

• selective breeding

• cloning

• fertilization

A scientist claimed that he had cloned a guinea pig to produce two offspring, a male and female. The claim is not valid because

• guinea pigs can reproduce both sexually

  and asexually

• the two offspring are not identical copies of

  the original guinea pig

• each of the offspring had half the genetic

  information of the original guinea pig

• none of the genetic information came from

  the original guinea pig

"Dolly" was a sheep developed from an egg cell of her mother that had its nucleus replaced by a nucleus from a body cell of her mother. As a result of this technique, Dolly was

• no longer able to reproduce

• genetically identical to her mother

• able to have a longer lifespan

• unable to mate

In preparation for an electrophoresis procedure, enzymes are added to DNA in order to

• convert the DNA into gel

• cut the DNA into fragments

• change the color of the DNA

• produce longer sections of DNA

In an effort to reduce the number of deaths due to malaria, scientists have successfully introduced a gene into mosquitoes. The gene makes the mosquitoes unable to support the development of the parasite that causes malaria. The technique used to produce this new variety of mosquito is most likely

• chromatography

• genetic engineering

• electrophoresis of genes

• selective breeding

Scientists have developed the ability to manufacture hormones, such as human growth hormone, using bacteria. One benefit of this new technology is that

• scientists can use only one type of bacteria

• patients can spend more money on their medications

• bacteria are relatively inexpensive and reproduce quickly

• scientists produce drugs that cause more immune reactions

The diagram represents the cloning of a carrot plant. Compared to each cell of the original carrot plant, each cell of the new plant will have

• the same number of chromosomes and the same types of genes

• the same number of chromosomes, but different types of genes

• half the number of chromosomes and the same types of genes

• half the number of chromosomes, but different types of genes

DNA samples can be separated according to size using the technique of

• chromatography

• replication

• dissection

• electrophoresis

13.A student performed a gel electrophoresis experiment. The results are represented in the diagram below. Compared to the fragments at the top of the gel, the fragments at the lower end are...

• larger and move slower

• larger and move faster

• smaller and move faster

• smaller and move slower

The diagram below represents some steps in a procedure used in the field of biotechnology. This bacterial cell can now be used to produce

• the bacterial gene for insulin that can be inserted into humans

• enzymes necessary to treat human diseases

• human genes for enzymes that can be inserted into humans

• insulin that can be used by humans