2. Water (and other Chemistry)

How does oxygen bond with two hydrogens in order to make water?

• oxygen shares electrons evenly with hydrogen

• oxygen steals electrons away from hydrogen

• oxygen shares electrons with hydrogen, but the electrons prefer oxygen

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NGSS.HS-PS1-2

Match each description with the type of bond being described.

• ionic

• oxygen steals electrons away from hydrogen

• polar covalent

• oxygen shares electrons evenly with hydrogen

• nonpolar covalent

• oxygen shares electrons with hydrogen, but the electrons prefer oxygen

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

Electrons have a _____ charge

• positive

• negative

• neutral

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In a water molecule's polar bonds, electrons spend more time with oxygen, giving it a slight _____ charge

• positive

• negative

• neutral

Special attractions called _____ make water molecules stick together.

• polar bonds

• hydrogen bonds

• ionic bonds

What makes neighboring water molecules stick together?

• opposite charges on neighboring molecules

• sharing electrons between molecules

• ionic bonds

Trees are typically able to transport water from their roots to their stems and leaves. Which statement describes the property of water that most supports the transportation of water to all parts of a tree?

• water forms a crystalline structure when it freezes

• water dissolves more substances than any other liquid

• water has strong attractions to itself and many other molecules

• water can absorb large amounts of energy with minimal temperature change

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Carbon is the building block to our macromolecules (lipids, proteins, carbs, and DNA). Which best explains why carbon is able to form these large/complex molecules?

• carbon forms only ionic bonds

• carbon can only form ring structures

• carbon can form 4 covalent bonds

• carbon forms small, simple structures

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A carbon atom is pictured here. Carbon has 4 valence (outer) electrons. It needs to make ___ covalent bonds in order to achieve a full outer shell of 8 valence electrons.

• 2

• 4

• 6

• 8

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

Plants and animals must be able to transport a variety of gases and minerals throughout their bodies. These materials are able to mix into the xylem (plants) and bloodstream (animals) in order to be transported because...

• water forms a crystalline structure when it freezes

• water dissolves more substances than any other liquid

• water has strong attractions to itself and many other molecules

• water can absorb large amounts of energy with minimal temperature change

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-3