1.F.OTO Anatomy and Physiology of the Aging Face

Skin changes with aging

• Increased rigidity due to increase in F-actin filaments

• Decreased rigidity due to increase in F-actin filaments

• Decrease levels of epidermal precursors of vit D3

• Decrease levels of estrogen leads to loss of collage → wrinkling

Age related changes in the epidermis and dermis

• Fewer melanocytes --> paler skin, reduced tolerance to sun exposure

• Reduced sweat gland activity --> tendency to oversweat

• Reduced blood supply therefore slower healing

• Dry epidermis

• Thick epidermis

Results from the passage of time and is mainly due to the production of ROS. Occurs within the skin itself due to the reductions in dermal mast cells, fibroblast and collagen production and the flattening of the junction between the dermis and the epidermis

• INTRINSIC SKIN CHANGES

• EXTRINSIC SKIN CHANGES

Results in an aged skin characterized by unblemished, smooth, pale, dry and less elastic skin

• INTRINSIC SKIN CHANGES

• EXTRINSIC SKIN CHANGES

Changes in metabolic functions

• INTRINSIC SKIN CHANGES

• EXTRINSIC SKIN CHANGES

Morphological changes in the cell: mitochondria, ER, GA (Golgi apparatus)

• INTRINSIC SKIN CHANGES

• EXTRINSIC SKIN CHANGES

Slower turnover of the epidermis

• INTRINSIC SKIN CHANGES

• EXTRINSIC SKIN CHANGES

Decreased melanocytes = less melanin

• INTRINSIC SKIN CHANGES

• EXTRINSIC SKIN CHANGES

Decrease fibroblasts, collagen, elastin and matrix

• INTRINSIC SKIN CHANGES

• EXTRINSIC SKIN CHANGES

Fat loss

• INTRINSIC SKIN CHANGES

• EXTRINSIC SKIN CHANGES