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1. In the bottom-up model of reading comprehension, a reader processes a text via constructing meaning using background knowledge, contextual information and other strategies.

• true

• false

2. Background knowledge provides a reader with understanding of a certain culture and language.

• true

• false

3. In the bottom-up reading model, a reader can find it easy to recognize idiomatic expressions, grammatical structures and word order for a specific language.

• true

• false

4. Schemata aren’t a part of background knowledge.

• true

• false

5. Defective comprehension may result from the combination of the two both top-down and bottom-up models of reading.

• true

• false

6. In an interactive model of comprehension, a reader can grasp the meaning of a text based on his interaction with the text rather than exploit the reality hidden in the text.

• true

• false

7. In spite of different background knowledge and experiences, readers face no variability in their interactive model of comprehension.

• true

• false

8. In translation, it is thanks to a common core

of representation shared by the reader and the

writer that translators may be affected in

finding equivalence.

• true

• false

9. In spite of a range of frame available in

bilingual dictionaries, a translator may not

easily select the most common one(s)

associated with the proper context for the

translated text.

• true

• false

10. It is advisable that translators conceive that

dictionary equivalents may not fit across

languages.

• true

• false