Category 2 STAAR Review

A photograph of a bird perched on a fence post is shown. Which description best identifies the action-reaction pair between the bird and the fence post?

• Action: The force of the bird on the wires Reaction: The force of the wires on the fence post

• Action: The force of the wires on the fence post Reaction: The force of the fence post on the bird

• Action: The force of the fence post on the bird Reaction: The force of the bird on the wires

• Action: The force of the bird on the fence post Reaction: The force of the fence post on the bird

Answer explanation

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-1

Two students record the distance they each traveled in 60 seconds in the data table shown. If the students continue at the same speed, which statement describes the total distance traveled after 90 seconds?

• Student 1 traveled 40 m, and student 2 traveled 20 m.

• Student 1 traveled 50 m, and student 2 traveled 30 m.

• Student 1 traveled 60 m, and student 2 traveled 30 m.

• Student 1 traveled 70 m, and student 2 traveled 25 m.

Answer explanation

A sledgehammer has a mass of 3.5 kilograms. What net force, to the nearest whole newton, will a person need to apply to accelerate the sledgehammer at a rate of 4.0 m/s2?

Answer explanation

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

The diagram shows how a cylinder in a car engine causes the car to move. Which description of the energy conversions in this process is correct?

• F. The chemical energy in the fuel-air mixture is converted to thermal energy, which is then converted to mechanical energy. .

• G. The mechanical energy in the fuel-air mixture is converted to electrical energy, which is then converted to thermal energy.

• H. The electrical energy in the fuel-air mixture is converted to mechanical energy, which is then converted to thermal energy. .

• J. The thermal energy in the fuel-air mixture is converted to electrical energy, which is then converted to mechanical energy

Answer explanation

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A car initially traveling at 8.0 meters per second doubles its speed while traveling in a northeast direction. Students used a table to record the initial and final conditions for speed and velocity. Which table is correct?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Answer explanation

Four students designed and built air propelled rockets that were launched into the air. Their data are recorded in the table. Which rocket had the greatest acceleration?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Answer explanation

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

The picture shows a bicyclist increasing speed while riding down a hill during a bicycle race. Which statements accurately describe the potential and kinetic energy of this bicyclist?

• Kinetic energy increases. Potential energy decreases.

• Kinetic energy increases. Potential energy remains constant.

• Kinetic energy remains constant. Potential energy decreases.

• Kinetic energy remains constant. Potential energy increases.

Answer explanation

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

When a coin is tossed in the air, it travels upward, gradually slows down, momentarily reaches zero speed, then moves back downward with increasing speed. Which statement best explains this change in the coin’s motion?

• F. The force of gravity causes the coin to change its velocity.

• G. The coin’s inertia decreases on the way up and increases on the way down.

• H. The action-reaction force pair of gravity and the applied force cancel each other.

• J. The coin remains in its state of upward motion until the force of friction acts upon it.

Answer explanation

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

A steel ball is at one end of a box that is moving forward as shown. The box suddenly stops. According to Newton’s first law, what happens to the steel ball just after the box stops?

• F Because of friction, the ball continues rolling forward at the same speed.

• G Because of friction, the ball rolls forward at an increased speed.

• H Because of inertia, the ball continues rolling forward at the same speed.

• J Because of inertia, the ball rolls forward at an increased speed.

Answer explanation

A student pushes a 51.5 kilogram bookshelf across a smooth floor with a net force of 67 N. What is the approximate acceleration of the bookshelf?

• 1.3 m/s2

• 3,450.5 m/s2

• 15.5 m/s2

• 0.77 m/s2

Answer explanation

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2