AP Chemistry Review - Chapter 19

Which of the following processes produces a decrease in the entropy of the system?

mixing of two gases into one container

dissolution of LiOH(s) in water

melting ice to form water

freezing of Fe(l) into Fe(s)

evaporation of liquid ethanol into gaseous ethanol

State the second law of thermodynamics.

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Which of the following processes produces a decrease of the entropy of the system?

dissolving oxygen in water

sublimation of naphthalene

boiling of alcohol

dissolving sodium chloride in water

explosion of nitroglycerine

Which of the following statements is true?

Processes are spontaneous because they occur at an observable rate.

Spontaneity can depend on the temperature.

Processes that are spontaneous in one direction are spontaneous in the opposite direction.

All of the statements are true.

The normal boiling point of water is 100 degrees C and its molar enthalpy of vaporization is 40.67 kJ/mol. What is the change in entropy in the system in J/K when 24.7 grams of steam at 1 atm condenses to a liquid at the normal boiling point?

The normal boiling point of ethanol C₂H₅OH is 78.3 degrees C and its molar enthalpy of vaporization is 38.56 kJ/mol. What is the change in entropy in the system in J/K when 112.2 grams of ethanol at 1 atm condenses to a liquid at the normal boiling point?