Energy

Which of the following correctly describes the process of smelting?

• Separating the desired metal from other elements in the ore

• Cleaning up drainage from mines

• Detoxifying harmful chemicals

• Removing ore from underground mines

In a very polluted river it costs $3 per kilogram to remove the first 80% of the pollution. It costs $25 per kilogram to remove the last 20% of the pollutant. This phenomenon is correctly referred to as :

• cost-benefit analysis

• external costs

• marginal costs

• externalities

Which of the following correctly describes the process of clear-cutting?

• Mature trees are cut over a period of time

• Only trees with commercial value are cut down

• All the usable trees in an area are cut down.

• Trees are cut between rows of other crops

Repeated irrigation can cause:

• Salinization

• Waterlogging

• Succession

• Leaching of minerals from the soil

A sample of radioactive material has a half-life of 20 years. It has an activity of 2 curiers. How many years does it take for the material to have an activity level of 0.25 curiers?

• 20 years

• 40 years

• 60 years

• 100 years

A typical coal-burning power plant uses 4,500 tons of coal per day. Each pound of coal produces 5000 BTUs of electrical energy. How many BTUs are produced each day from this plant?

Which of the following produces the least amount of carbon dioxide while generating electricity?

• Wind turbines

• Coal

• Oil

• Wood

All non-renewable resource power plants use heat to

• make hot air that generates power

• generate powerful water jets the spin turbines

• produces steam to turn electric generators

• split water into hydrogen and oxygen that is then burned to make electricity

Bitumen

• a degraded type of petroleum that forms when petroleum deposit is not capped with nonporous rock

• is oil sand that mixes with sand , water and clay

• is less energy-intensive than traditional drilling of crude oil

• is extracted by the technology namely as CTL

The ___ Curve represents oil use and projects both world oil production will reach a maximum and when world oil will be finally be depleted.